Socsci

• Social interaction


  A process by which people act and react in relation to others
• Verstehen


  Interpretive understanding applied by sociologists to understand both the intention and context of human action
• A major approach in sociology that centers on social interactions in specific situations in society

  Symbolic Interactionism
• Symbols


  Social objects used to represent whatever people agree they shall represent
• Symbolic interactionism focuses on how symbols and their meanings affect individual actions and social interactions in our everyday lives
• Different individuals may attach different meanings to a similar situation
• Symbolic interactionism


  Focuses on individuals' actions or reactions and how they attach meaning to specific situations
• Anact where a person communicates and handles meanings through a process of talking to himself

  Interpretative process
• Meanings attached to an action or symbol can be retained or modified depending on the outcome of the interaction
• Max Weber is credited for the origins of symbolic interactionism, as its roots can be traced to his original conception of sociology
• Verstehen


  Weber's concept of "interpretive understanding"
• Weber's action theory


  Emphasizes the importance of subjective meaning, and it proved to be influential to symbolic interactionism as a general approach in sociology
• Symbolic Interactionism


  An approach that "sees society as the product of the everyday interactions of individuals"
• Symbolic interactionism


  Has three basic premises: the importance of meanings, how meanings are formed through social interaction, and how individuals can interpret meanings on their own
• Max Weber


  Believed in the importance of individual experiences in understanding an action
• Symbolic interactionism is an approach that "sees society as the product of the everyday interactions of individuals"
• Symbols refer to social objects used to represent whatever people agree they shall represent
• Institutionalism


  The study of the origins, effects, and potential for the reform of institutions
• Institution


  A significant practice, relationship, or organization in a society or culture
• Convention


  An agreement between or among states for regulation of matters affecting all of them
• Characteristics of Institutions


  • They are endorsed by institutions
  • They gain more legitimacy as they gain more members
  • They become part of a society's tradition over time
• Habits


  Repeated actions that become recognized by a self-conscious individual and are then internally represented
• Customs


  Habits that are shared within a group
• Conventions


  Any procedures that are agreed upon by society
• What each group agrees to represent becomes their institution
• Conventions


  • Language
  • Religion
  • Laws
• Institutionalization


  Reinforcing certain agreed-upon habits, customs, beliefs, laws, and conventions in society
• Habits


  Make certain actions a part of an individual's identity
• Institutionalization


  Makes a habit, a belief, a custom, or a convention a part of a society's collective identity
• Informal institutions


  Rely on widely shared and implied understanding of what is the proper and normal way to behave
• Social institutions, as much as they give order, also impose limits on our lives
• Authorities


  Implement and uphold norms, beliefs, trends, regulations, and laws in society
• Sectors where authorities exist

  • Economics
  • Culture
  • Politics
  • Religion
• Habits


  Repeated actions that become represented by the doer
• Intellectual Property Code of the Philippines

  • Protects scientists, inventors, and artists by giving them exclusive rights to their creations
• Institutions


  Purely made by humans through a series of interactions
• Habits, customs, and conventions


  Reinforce an institution's identity
• Institutions today


  • Family
  • School
  • Religion
• Psychoanalysis


  An approach that subscribes to the idea that each of us has an unconscious part that contains ideas, memories, desires, or thoughts that have been hidden or repressed because they are psychologically dangerous or threatening to our self-concept
• Unconscious mind


  A repository of feelings and urges of which we have no awareness