Chapter 2

• Animal rights


  The concept that all sensate species that feel pain are of equal value and have rights.
• Animal welfare


  The human care and treatment of animals.
• At risk


  The likelihood of a subject being harmed in some way because of the nature of the research.
• Debriefing

  • The principle of full disclosure at the end of an experiment.
  • That is, explaining to the subject the nature and purpose of the study.
• Fraud

  • The unethical practice of falsifying or fabricating data.
  • Plagiarism is also a form of fraud.
• Informed consent

  • A subject's voluntary agreement to participate in a research project after the nature and purpose of the study have been explained.
• Institutional animal care and use committee (IACUC)


  An institutional committee that have reviews proposed research to a safeguard the welfare of animal subjects.
• Institutional review board


  An institutional committee that reviews proposed research to safeguard the welfare of animal subjects.
• Minimal risk


  The subject's odds of being harmed are not increased by the research.
• Plagiarism

  • The representation of someone else's ideas, words, or written work as one's own.
  • A serious breach of ethics that can result in legal action.
• Risk/Benefit analysis


  A determination, made by an IRB, that any risks to the individual are outweighed by potential benefits or the importance of the knowledge to be gained.
• Archival study


  A descriptive method in which already existing records are reexamined for a new purpose.