Social Chapter 6

• refugee


  a person who seeks protection in another country to escape danger in their own country
• assimilation


  the process of becoming part of a different cultural group
• immigration


  the process of people establishing homes and citizenship in a country that is not their native country
• migrate


  movement of people from one region of territory to another
• pacifist


  a person that believes war and violence is unjustable
• petition 


  to ask for something in a formal way
• revolution


  a rapid often violent change in a system of government (from monarchy to republic)
• monarchy


  form of government with a monarch (king or queen) at the head
• reserve


  an area of land set aside by treaty (agreement) for use of a First Nation
• republic


  a system of government that does not have a monarch (usually a democracy)
• representative government 


  when citizens elect representatives to an assembly and the assembly speaks for citizens (it represents them)
• Constitutional Act


  divided Quebec into Upper Canada and Lower Canada
• The Thirteen Colonies did not like them. They thought they deserved death and torture
• The Thirteen Colonies hated the loyalist because they were on opposite sides of the war. Also the Loyalist wanted something different from the Thirteen Colonies
• Refugees which included Loyalists, British Ancestors, black loyalist, Haudenosaunee, German Mennonites and allies of Britain migrated with the Loyalist migration
• Britain negotiated treaties for peace and friendship and now its treaties for land
• The Loyalist wanted their colony separate from Nova Scotia
• Since the Loyalists wanted their own colony separated from Nova Scotia, Britain divided Nova Scotia into several new colonies
• problems of the coexistence of Loyalist migration

  old treaties were ignored, they could run out of supplies and resoures, denied rights, different people with different opinions which could result in war, language barrier, job shortages, racial and cultural discriminatio. They had to share land with others
• Challenges Loyalist immigration faced

  Didn’t get own rights and freedoms

  Lost their homes in America

  Loyalists along the St. John river wanted

  their own colony.

  Had to live in tents

  No food, no jobs

  Had to clear the land for farming

  Didn’t feel supported by the government
• Positive results Loyalist immigrants experienced

  Population of the British increased in Quebec

  They received land to build homes

  They could be loyal to Britain without being punished Freedom for former slaves or persecuted religious people.
• importance of representative government for Canadiens (Lower Canada)

  Britain had promised to create an elected

  assembly 20 years ago and were finally

  following through – the Canadiens would

  finally have some choice and voice in

  government.
• importance of representative government for loyalist upper Canada. They had more experience with this type of government and considered it part of their heritage – and before long, Upper Canada would pass Lower Canada in population and would have a larger population.
• What were the motivations/reasons for the U.S invading Canada?

  1. Britain was preventing US trade ships from entering Europe.

  2. Britain was capturing American seamen and forcing them into British military service.

  3. US thought that Colonists might welcome them to throw off the British and they would have a lot more land and resources.
• There was no real winner in war of 1812, but there were benefits for both sides of the war. Canada ended up more unified, while the Americans received a long-lasting peace with Europe. FN people were the clear losers. They never recovered their position in North America. While they kept some reserve land, they essentially lost their nations status.
• Laura Secord overheard plans to attack an outpost commanded by Lieutenant Fitzgibbon, she took off to warn him. They were able to gather reinforcements and prepare for the attack in advance. This led to helping Britain win the war
• Tecumseh saw the British as allies, but not friends. He distrusted them and essentially used them because they had a common enemy – the Americans. Tecumseh saw the Americans as bitter enemies who wanted nothing more than to take the land away from his people
• Loyalty has to do with devotion, commitment, love and trust. As an ally, you do not need any of those things. Being an ally means that you choose alliances based on interests that are being served by partnering with another nation. There may be no love there
• Revolutionary War –USA won –Declaration of Independence-freedom = bilingualism
• Proclamation Line – British taxes – Thirteen Colonies Angry - American Revolution - USA how America became a nation
• British try to appease First Nations (FNs)

  Royal Proclamation 1763

  Quebec Act 1774

  Constitutional Act 1791

  Canadian FNs ignored, isolated on reservation

  Causes and effects on 3 peoples of War of 1812
• Constitutional Act


  Lower Canada the act reaffirmed the arrangements under the Quebec Act of 1774; British criminal law but French civil law.
• Constitutional Act


  Set aside land for Protestant churches and guarantee the Canadiens rights to the Catholic church
• Constitutional Act 


  Set aside land for Protestant churches and guarantee the Canadiens rights to the Catholic church