Salt

• Salts


  Formed from the reaction of an acid and a metal
• Salts


  • Contain a metal and an acid radical
  • Can be anhydrous (without water) or hydrated (with water)
• Making salts


  1. Metal + acid > salt + hydrogen

  2. Metal oxide + acid > salt + water
• Titration


  Reaction between an acid and a base to form a salt and water
• Soluble salts


  Formed from the reaction of a metal and an acid
• Bunsen burner flame


  • Yellow and luminous with air hole closed
  • Blue and non-luminous with air hole open
• Heating a hydrated salt drives off the water of crystallisation
• Excess reactant is added to ensure the reaction goes to completion
• Removing excess reactant


  Filtration
• Gentle heating is used to evaporate solutions and crystallise salts
• Salt is an ionic compound that contains sodium (Na+) and chloride (Cl-).
• The chemical formula for salt is NaCl.
• Sodium chloride, or table salt, is the most common type of salt used as a seasoning.
• The chemical formula for table salt is NaCl.
• Table salt can be obtained from natural sources such as rock salt or sea salt, but it is also produced industrially through the process of electrolysis.
• Salts in common use

  • Salt
  • Parentacio
  • Ammonium chloride
  • Hydrochloric acid
  • White crystals
  • Ammonium nitrate
  • Nitric acid
  • White crystals
  • Ammonium sulfate
  • Sulfuric acid
  • White crystals
  • Calcium carbonate (marble, limestone, carbonic acid, chalk)
  • Sodium carbonate (washing soda)
  • Carbonic acid
  • White crystals or powder
  • Magnesium sulfate (Epsom salts)
  • Sulfuric acid
  • White crystals
  • Copper(I) sulfate
  • Sulfuric acid
  • Blue crystals
  • Calcium phosphate
  • Phosphoric acid
  • White
• Colour and other characteristics


  • Uses
• Fertilisers


  • Dry cells (batteries)
  • Explosives
• Decorative stonework


  • Making lime and cement
  • Extracting iron in the blast furnace
• Some hydrated salts


  • Copper(II) sulfate (CuSO4.5H2O)
  • Cobalt(II) chloride (CoCl2.6H2O)
  • Iron(II) sulfate (FeSO4.7H2O)
  • Magnesium sulfate (MgSO4.7H2O)
  • Sodium carbonate (Na2CO3.10H2O)
  • Calcium sulfate (CaSO4.2H2O)
• Anhydrous salts


  Salts without water