Fingerprint

• Law of Multiplicity of Evidence in Identification.

  The greater the number of points of similarities and dissimilarities of two persons compared, the greater is the probability the conclusion to be correct.
• The ancient Chinese As early as the 3rd Century BC, fingerprint in Ching was. Introduced in China as a medium of identification by using soft mud or clay by impressing the fingers or palm in it Fingerprint to them is HUA CHL In the 8th century, l'ang Dyncały referred to fingerprints being impressed on business contracts. The thumb mark of the destitute is placed on the dip of bamboo where the contract was witften, in addition, the fingerprints of infants were diso taken of the time for possible identication, thus ensuring that every mother is familiar with the fingerprint of her newbiom
• Dr. Nehemiah Grew (1684-1712) A lellow of the Royal Society and of the College of Physicions, he described the innumerable little ridges in Philosophical fransactions for 1684 for if anyone will but take the pairs, with an indifferent thand to survey the palm of the hand he may perceive Innumerabile Ettle ridges, of equal bigness and distorice, and everywhere running parallel one with another, and especially, upon the hands and joints of fingers and thumb
• Govard Bidioo He published a tease. "Anatomia Humanis Corpors" describing sweat pores and ridges. This thesis suppaded the appearance and arrangement of the ridges on a thumb.
• Professor Marcello Malpighi Italian Anatomist, who become a professor of anatomy of the Univenity of Bologna, noted in his treatise; lages, spirats and loops in Singerprints. He made no mention of thei value as a tool for individual identification. A layer of skin was named after him the "Malpighi" layer, which is approximately 1.8 mm thick.
• Christian Jacob Mintz (Hintzo) Published his work on Dermatography recognizing the pattern formations with which the briction skin surfaces of the hand and feet are fumowed Hintzo wrote on ridge formation, but dealt with the subject thom the viewpoint of Anatomy rather that identification
• Thomas Bewick (1753-1828) English auftior, designer and engraver used his own fingerprints as a decoration for his books between 1770 and 1824.
• Thomas Bewick (1753-1828) English auftior, designer and engraver used his own fingerprints as a decoration for his books between 1770 and 1824.
• CA Mayer

  Stated in his book "Anatomache Kupfertole in Nbest Dazu Geharigen (Anatomical Copper Plates with the Appropriate Explanations that although the anangement of the skin is never duplicated in two persons, nevertheless, the similarities cre closer among some individuals. Found that fingerprint of two person are never alike and said that ridges has similarites but never duplicated
• Prochaska A Viennese publication detalls a close description of the papillary lines in skin.
• Johannes Evangelist Purkinje a Czech anatomist and physiologistin Germany who published a thesis in Lotin "Commentatio de Examine Physiologico Organi Visus et Systematis Cutanel describing He the ridges giving them names and estblished certain rules for classification. made vague differentiation of the fingerprint patterns into nine types
• Herman Weicher Took the prints of his owri palm, in 1897 (forty one years later, he printed the same polm to prove that the prints do not change. (Principle of Permanency)
• Kolman An Anttropologist who wrote his book on tidiges and pores. He did not associate frgerprints with identification
• Sk. Wiliam James Herschel (1858) English first began to use fingerprint in July of 1858, where Sir. Willam & Herschel, Chief Magistrate of the Hoogly district in Juriocor, India, fint used fingerprints on native contract. As his fingerprint collection grew, however, Herschel began to note that the inked Impressions could indeed, prove or disprove identity. While his experience with ingerprinting was admittedly limited. Sir. Herschef's private conviction that all fingerprints
• Henry Foulds (1880) An English doctor stationed in Tokyo, Japan, He wrote a letior to the English publication on the practical use of fingerprints for the Identification of criminals Herecommended the use of a min tiem of printers ink as a transfer medium and is generally used today. He conducted the experiments which established that the varielles of individual fingerprint pattem were very great and that the pattems remain unchangeable troughout lifetime.
• Henry Foulds (1880) An English doctor stationed in Tokyo, Japan, He wrote a letior to the English publication on the practical use of fingerprints for the Identification of criminals Herecommended the use of a min tiem of printers ink as a transfer medium and is generally used today. He conducted the experiments which established that the varielles of individual fingerprint pattem were very great and that the pattems remain unchangeable troughout lifetime.
• Francis Galton (1880) A noted British Anthropologist and a cousin of scientist Charles Darwin began his observations of fingerprints as a means afidentification. He was credited for being the first scientist of Friction Skin identification alwell as his role in promping its use.
• Sk. Edward Richard Henry(1888) Father of Fingerprinting or Fingerprint Science He succeeded Sir. William I Hershel at his post in india. He became interested in fingerprints and devised a classification of his own
• Sir. Edward Richard Henry(1888) Father of Fingerprinting or Fingerprint Science He succeeded Sir. William I Hershel at his post in india. He became interested in fingerprints and devised a classification of his own
• Sir. Francis Golton (1892) Published his book "Fingerprints", edablishing the individual permanence of fingerprints The book include the first clasification system for fingerprints
• Home Office (1894) Home Office Committee recommends the adoption of Gatton's Ten Finger Print recard and Berton's measurement system in the British Criminal Identification procedure.
• Sir Francis Galton (1895) Galton publishes his second book Tinger Print Directories. Se Edward Henry visited Francis Galton's laboratory while on leave in London.
• Sir Edward Richard Henry (1897) Inspector General of police in Bengal, India and later Commissioner of Londor's Metropolitan Police, with the assistance of two Bengal Police Officers-Abdul Harque and Charidra Bose devise a simplilled fingerprint classification and introduced it to india-the system become the basis of most fingerprint classification systems in the English-speaking world.
• Sir Edward Richard Henry (1901) He was appointed ossistant Commissioner of Scotland Yard His system was also acclaimed and officially adopted in Wales as well as through Ergland The system was so applicable that Henry emerged as the "Father of Fingerprint, at least. as the first man to successfully apply fingerprint for identification. Marked the official introduction of fingerprinting for criminal identification in England and Wales. Henry's Fingerprint System was introduced in England and Bertilion's Anthropometry discorded.
• Sir Edward Richard Henry (1901) He was appointed ossistant Commissioner of Scotland Yard His system was also acclaimed and officially adopted in Wales as well as through Ergland The system was so applicable that Henry emerged as the "Father of Fingerprint, at least. as the first man to successfully apply fingerprint for identification. Marked the official introduction of fingerprinting for criminal identification in England and Wales. Henry's Fingerprint System was introduced in England and Bertilion's Anthropometry discorded.
• Year 1914 Angerprints were oficially adopted in France, replacing Bertilionage.
• Year 1957 Ninhydrin was used for the first time to develop fingerprints on paper. Official Use of Fingerprint in the United States of America.
• Marcello Malpighi, (Grandfather of Dactyloscopy) a professor of anatomy at the University of Bologna, noted in his trooses nages, spirals and bops in fingerprints, He made no mention of their value as a fool for individuat identification.
• John Evangelist Purkinj, father of Dactyloscopy) a professor of anatomy at the University of Breciou, published his thesis discussing 9 FP patterns but he too made no mention of the value of FP for personal identification
• John Evangelist Purkinj, father of Dactyloscopy)

  a professor of anatomy at the University of Breciou, published his thesis discussing 9 FP patterns but he too made no mention of the value of FP for personal identification
• William Herschel, an English civil servant (India), required natives to sign contracts with an imprint of theit right hand-Hindu customil
• Scottish physician, Henry Fauld wrote that skin ridge patiems could be importantin identification work. A tiel left his ingerprint on a whitewashed wall-compared with 1st suspect-No mathy compared with 2nd suspect with positive association. He recommended the use of thin film of printersink as a transfer medium and is generally used today. (NATURE)
• Sir.Francis Galton, a British anthropologist and a cousin of Charles Darwin, began the observations of FP as o means of identication, in 1892, he published his book, "ANGERPRINTS", establishing the Individuality and permanency of FP. The book included the first classicafion system of FP. Proposed three pattern types: bops, whats and arches. Galton identified the characteristics by which can be identified.
• 1CA. MAYER He found that the fingerprints of two persons are never alike. The ridges have similarities but never duplicated. Principle of individuality)
• HERMAN WELCKER took the prints of Nis own palm in 1997 torty one years later he printed the same palm to prove that the prints do not change (Principle of Fermanency
• Juan Vucitech an Argentine Police Official began the first files based on Gatton pattem types. 1892 he made the first criminal fingerprint identification. He was able to identify a woman by the name of franciscia Rojas, who murdered her two sons and cut her own throat in an
• SiR EDWARD HENRY an Englishman who, in 1897, proposed another classification system which is still in use today. Most English-speaking countries use some version of Henry's classification system The system was so applicable that Henry emerged as the "Father of Modem Fingerprint Science", atleast as the first man who successfully applies fingerprints for identification
• The development of photography allowed for more accurate documentation of fingerprints, making them even more useful in criminal investigations. By the early 1900s, fingerprinting had become standard practice in police departments around the world.
• Gilbert Thompson of the U.S. Geological Survey in New Mexico used his own FF on a document to prevent forgery. This is the first known use of FP in the US
• GILBERT THOMPSON

  . Geological Survey New Mexico, used his own thunb print on a document to prevent forgery. This is the first known use of fingerprints in the United States,