21st

• Asian literature is rich in thousands of stories and poetry about its heritage
• Most influential set of literary traditions in Asia

  • Chinese literature
  • Japanese literature
  • Indian literature
• Chinese literature

  Began more than two thousand years ago, with The Book of Poetry (Shijing) as its first anthology
• Chinese literary works

  • Fiction
  • Philosophical and religious works
  • Poetry
  • Scientific writings
• The Novel of the Three Kingdoms


  Recounts the real events that occurred during the period when China was composed of three kingdoms: Cao Wei, Shu Han, and Wu
• Journey to the West


  Also known as "Monkey", features Sun Wukong, a monkey who set out on a journey with his companions to search for Chinese people's sacred scroll
• Dream of the Red Chamber

  A love story "celebrated for its realism, psychological depth and the richness of the plot"
• Water Margin


  Narrates the plight of 108 brigands from Mount Liang who challenged the emperor, set during the Song dynasty
• Chinese poetry genres

  • Shi (couplets)
  • Ci (song-like due to syllabic and tonal patterns)
  • Ge (song)
  • Qu (freer poetic form, used in theater plays)
  • Fu (descriptive poems composed of both prose and couplets)
• Dufu


  Followed a structured form of poetry and observed realistic poems whose themes include difficulties living in a war, poverty, and rural life
• Li Bai


  A romantic poet who wrote poetry as he traveled widely across the provinces of China, used free form poetry
• Su Tungpo (Su Shi)


  A prolific poet of the northern Song era who has produced over 2000 poems, wrote a poem about being banished to live on a farm due to political problems
• Japanese literature finds its appeal in the use of great variety of words to convey feelings and emotions, it is rather emotional and subjective than intellectual
• The Tale of Genji


  Retells the life of prince Hikaru Genji, his romances and aristocratic society, written by Lady Murasaki in the 11th century
• The Pillow Book


  A genre bending miscellany of short, largely unrelated pieces which can be classified as narratives, thoughts and opinions and famous lists, written by Sei Shonagon
• Matsuo Basho


  The supreme Japanese haiku poet who made the haiku poetic form an accepted artistic expression throughout the world
• "I" Novel (Watakushi-shôset)


  A genre of Japanese literature
• Yasunari Kawabata


  Japan's first recipient of Nobel Prize for Literature, known as the master of psychological fiction, famous works include Snow Country and The Izu Dancer
• Majority of Indian literature are written in Sanskrit
• Three distinct characteristics of Indian literature

  • Based on piety, a deep religious spirit
  • Written in epic form
  • Designed to advance some unorthodox regional beliefs
• Panchatantra


  A compilation of tales in prose and poetry, featuring five books of fables and magical tales
• Bhagavad Gita (The Name of the Lord)


  An ancient text that became an important work of Hindu tradition in terms of both literature and philosophy
• Mahabharata


  The longest epic in the world, recounts the dynastic struggle and civil wars between the Pandavas and Kauravas in the kingdom of Kuruksheta about the 9th century BC
• Ramayana


  The second longest epic in the world, tells the story of how Rama went on a journey to find and save his wife Sita, along the way he learns Hindu life lessons
• Reading approach


  One of the methods in teaching English
• Reading approach


  • Solves student's reading problems
  • Students are demanded to read more to improve their knowledge and get new ideas
  • Inferencing, guessing and predicting are important skills developed in reading
  • Students will know about the different of culture by reading across cultural understanding, and they will learn how to pronounce the words correctly
  • Students are expected to improve their English skills
• Skimming

  • Quickly identifying the main idea of a text
  • Reading shorter texts to extract accurate detailed information
  • Reading 3-4 times faster than regular reading
  • Used when there is lots of material to read in a limited amount of time
• Skimming


  1. Reading the first and last paragraphs using headings, summarizes and other organizers as they move down the page or screen

  2. Reading the title, subtitles, subheadings, and illustrations

  3. Reading the first sentence of each paragraph

  4. Useful for finding dates, names, places, reviewing graphs, tables, and charts

  5. Used when seeking specific information rather than reading for comprehension
• Scanning


  • Quickly reading a text to get the summary of it
  • Searching for keywords or ideas
• Extensive reading

  • An approach to language learning, including foreign language learning, by means of a large amount of reading
  • Readers view and review of unfamiliar words in a specific context will allow the reader to infer the word's meaning, to learn unknown words
  • Free reading of books and other written material that is not too difficult for readers
  • Sometimes called Free Voluntary Reading
• African Literature - Reflects the history of its people, the continent’s feelings, and the minds of its population