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• abstract- A brief overview of a research study
• Applied Research Conducted to generate knowledge that influences or improves practice
• Basic Research Research that tests theories
• Conceptual Definition A variable, such as anxiety, may be defined as a feeling of uneasiness
• concepts The building blocks of theories
• constitutive definition The basic, dictionary meaning
• Control group In experiments, the one that does not get the treatment
• Correlational study A type of research design that depicts a relationship between variables, but not necessarily one of cause -effect
• data Information used as a basis for reasoning, discussion, or calculation.
• Delimitations It addresses how the study will be narrowed in scope.
• Dependent variable The concept that the researcher is most interested in understanding
• Descriptive study Research design that describes “what is” e.g. a survey
• experiment A research design used to find “cause-effect” relationships the “effect of…on…”
• Experimental Group The one that gets the treatment
• External validity How generalizable the results are as it concerns other populations and locations
• extraneous Variables that may influence or contaminate the data
• heterogeneous Groups under study are very different or varied.
• homogeneous Groups that are very similar
• Independent variable The concept being studied that usually indicates the influence or cause; the one that the researcher is manipulating
• hypothesis A statement written by the researcher that states the relationship among or between variables
• Inductive Reasoning The basis for the qualitative research approach
• Deductive Reasoning Depends on premises and is the basis for the quantitative research approach
• Internal validity The extent to which a study measures what it is supposed to measure (accuracy within a study)
• Introduction Establishes the scope, context and significance of the research to be conducted.
• Limitations identify potential weaknesses of the study.
• Measures of central tendency Averages e.g. the mean)
• Methodology Systematic approach to the conduct of a process. It includes steps of procedure, application of techniques, systems of analysis, and the modes of inquiry employed by a discipline.
• mode The score that occurs the most
• Null Hypothesis The proposition, to be tested statistically, that the experimental intervention has "no effect," meaning that the treatment and control groups will not differ as a result of the intervention. Investigators usually hope that the data will demonstrate some effect from the intervention, thus allowing the investigator to reject the null hypothesis.
• Operational definition How a term is used in a study
• Participant Also called respondents, their characteristics and responses are the object of study in research
• Principle investigator The person who oversees a research
• population the target group under investigation. The population is the entire set under consideration. Samples are drawn from populations
• Purpose of the study specific research aims and objectives for the research.
• random by chance
• Qualitative Research Trying to verify or generate descriptive theory that is grounded in the data gleaned from the investigation (naturalistic).
• Quantitative Research Answer a specific research question by showing statistical evidence that the data may be addressed in a particular way (experimental).
• Questionnaire Structured sets of questions on specified subjects that are used to gather information.
• Random sample Everybody has the same chance of being assigned to any group.
• Research A systematic, objective way to generate facts