READING AND WRITING (4TH QUARTER)

• Skimming or simple reading - type reading that only takes into account the superficial characteristics of a written text.
• Active reading - is engaging with a text to understand its content. This is often done by students when studying or reviewing a topic.
• Critical reading - requires a reader to deep dive and fully understand a composition.
• Annotation - simply put, annotation is taking notes. It is taking note of important and relevant ideas, concepts, and quotes that will help a reader further understand a written text.
• Contextualization - you are looking at it in it's original context. This involves considering the historical setting of when this was written and the social, economic, political and even theological concepts that prevailed during those times.
• Reflection - critical reading involves a lot of reflection on the reader's end. To read critically is to not only take in information but to also see a particular subject or idea through the perspective of the author.
• 3 things to reflect on when critically reading:

  • What the text is saying
  • What the text is describing
  • Interpretation of the text
• Practice Inference - practice how to "read between the lines". What is the subtext of a written text?As you read, look deeper in to the implicit message the author is trying to convey.
• Claim or counterclaim - as you read critically, you will notice claims and pieces of evidence that the author is presenting. These claims could either defend and support the main idea of the composition or contradict the idea being discussed.
• The SQ3R METHOD MEANS

  • Survey
  • Question
  • Read
  • Recall
  • Review
• Survey - this pertains to the initial reading one does of a text. This is the skimming, speed reading and scanning aspect of the strategy.
• Question - it is best to have a set of questions to guide your reading journey. Try to answer these questions as you read through a text.
• Read - Read carefully. Highlight or annotate things that catches your attention. Attempt to answer your questions.
• Recall - make an effort to recall what you've just read. This will give you the opportunity to assimilate what you read.
• Review - you are free to re-read the text if you feel like you missed a point or need further clarity on the subject being discussed.
• The Contrarian Method - it is a method where the reader views a written text through a specific perspective.
• The Critical Lenses Method - it is a method of reading a written text through the eyes of a specific concept, category, or reality. This could pertain to socioeconomic status, race, gender, political standing, philosophical, theological beliefs and even age.
• Explicit Claims - are straightforward and clear expression of an idea, concept or thought. It is used when one wishes to convey something unambiguously and clearly.
• Implicit Claims - are implied and insinuated in a written text. It is not directly expressed but it is evident once a written text is read.
• Hamlett's Three Claims

  claim of fact - a claim that makes a quantifiable assertion. As the name suggests, it is an argument based on a measurable topic or a fact.
• Claim of Value - a claim that makes a qualifiable assertion. It is an argument based on a moral, aesthetic or philosophical topic.
• Claim of policy a claim that makes an assertion about a course of action that should be done. It is an argument about an actionable topic.
• Abad's 3 claims

  Claim of Fact - a quantifiable argument based on verifiable information and objective findings.
• Abad's 3 claims

  Claim of value - a qualifiable argument about a moral, philosophical, or an aesthetic topic.
• Abad's 3 claims

  Claim of Policy - an argument about a course of action that must be done. if often proposes a solution to a stated situation and often bases its suggestions on both objective and subjective viewpoints.
• Context - pertains to the historical setting in which a written text was composed It takes into consideration the social, economic, political, and even theological concepts that prevailed during those times.
• Intertext - a type of written text that makes use of other pieces as inspiration and basis. Is often uses allegories ang allusions to get to get a concept across.
• Hypertext - relatively new way of reading a written text. It is the act of reading text through a technological gadget and the internet. Hypertext uses hyperlinks to connect a single topic to related information that could support the understanding of said topic.