photosynthesis + respiration

• Reactants needed for photosynthesis

  • Water
  • Carbon dioxide
  • Light
• Products of photosynthesis

  • Sugar (glucose)
  • Oxygen
• respiration equation


  glucose + oxygen --> carbon dioxide + water

  C6H12O6 + 602 --> 6CO2 + 6H20
• photosynthesis equation


  carbon dioxide + water --> glucose + oxygen

  6Co2 + 6H20 --> C6H12O6 + 602
• uses of respiration


  muscle contraction

  protein synthesis

  cell division

  exercise

  growth

  active transport

  nerve impulses

  maintaining a body temperature
• respiration takes place in the mitochondria
• Anaerobic respiration - glucose + oxygen -> lactic acid + energy
• anaerobic respiration - chemical reactions in cells that breakdown glucose to release energy without using oxygen.
• Respiration - transfer of energy from the breakdown of glucose to produce ATP.
• Respiration is an exothermic reaction
• aerobic respiration produces 32 molecules of ATP, while anaerobic respiration only produces 2 molecules of ATP.
• Anaerobic respiration in animals

  glucose --> lactic acid
• as you respire anaerobically, lactic acid builds up in your muscles, which gets painful and makes your muscles fatigued.
• when you stop respiring anaerobically, you have an oxygen debt, meaning you need to take in more oxygen (deeper breaths) to breakdown the lactic acid.
• Anaerobic respiration in Plants and Yeast

  glucose --> ethanol + carbon dioxide
• plants may have to resort to anaerobic respiration in waterlogged soils
• photosynthesis happens in the chloroplast which contains a green pigment called chlorophyll with absorbs light.
• Photosynthesis is an endothermic reaction - it transfers in energy from the environment
• light intensity = 1/distance^2
• light intensity is inversely proportional to the distance^2
• Limiting Factors - light intensity, carbon dioxide concentration, temperature.
• Limiting Factors - Temperature


  a high temperature denatures the enzymes.

  a low temperature means that the enzymes work more slowly
• Factors affecting photosynthesis

  1. carbon dioxide concentration
  2. light intensity
  3. temperature
• limiting factors - carbon dioxide concentration

  • too little concentration means it is the limiting factor
  • as the graph flattens, it means that carbon dioxide is not the limiting factor

  A) increased

  
• limiting factor - light intensity 


  in an experiment, you can change the intensity by moving a lamp to different distances from the plant. the distance from the lamp and the light intensity are inversely proportional.
• inverse square law


  light intensity = 1/d2