Enviromental Awareness

• Climate Change


  A global concern as innovations specifically mass production greatly result to the use of machineries that significantly increase emissions
• United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change

  • according to them, climate change ( as a direct or indirect results of human activity, altering the composition of the global atmosphere.)
• NASA (National Aeronautics and Space Administration)


  According to them, climate change is a long- term

  change in the average weather patterns that have come to

  define Earth’s local, regional and global climates.
• Global Warming


  The long-term heating of Earth's surface observed since the pre-industrial period (between 1850 and 1900)
• Global Warming


  The phenomenon of increasing average air temperatures near the surface of Earth over the past one to two centuries
• Climate Change


  Encompasses global warming but refers to the broader range of changes that are happening to our planet, including rising sea levels, shrinking mountain glaciers, accelerating ice melt in Greenland, Antarctica and the Arctic, and the shifts in flower/plant blooming times
• Global temperature shows a well-documented rise since the early 20th century and most notably since the late 1970's. Worldwide since 1880 the average surface temperature has risen about 1 ℃
• According to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), "Since systematic scientific assessments began in the 1970s, the influence of human activity on the warming of the climate system has evolved from theory to established fact"
• Causes of Climate Change

  • Natural Causes
  • Human Causes
• Volcanic Eruption

  • it emits different natural aerosols like carbon dioxide, sulfur dioxides, salt crystals, volcanic ashes, or dust even microorganisms like bacteria and viruses. The volcanic eruption can cause a cooling effect to the lithosphere because its emitted aerosol can block a certain percentage of solar radiation. This cooling effect can last for one to two years
• Orbital Changes


  As the Earth travels through space around the Sun, cyclical variations in three elements of Earth-Sun geometry combine to produce variations in the amount of solar energy that reaches Earth
• Milankovitch Cycles


  • Eccentricity
  • Obliquity
  • Precession
• Pollution


  Caused by human activities such as emissions from automobiles and factories produce greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide which absorbs infrared lights from the atmosphere
• Greenhouse Gases


  • Carbon Dioxide
  • Nitrous Oxide
  • Methane
  • Chlorofluorocarbons (CFC)
  • Water Vapor
• Population


  The rapid increase in population in many countries contributes much to the ever-increasing pollution in varied forms
• Greenhouse Effect


  The cycle by which carbon dioxide, methane and other gases are trapped in the atmosphere and results in the warming of the planet
• Effects of Climate Change

  • The Greenhouse Effect
  • Ecological Issues
  • Extreme Weather Conditions
  • Rising Water Level and Flooding
  • Desertification
• Energy Crisis


  Refers to one of the energy sources used at a certain time and place, particularly those that supply national electricity grids or serve as fuel for vehicles
• Energy Crisis


  The concern that the world's demands on the limited natural resources that are used to power industrial society are diminishing as the demand rises
• Causes of Energy Crisis

  • Overconsumption
  • Overpopulation
  • Poor infrastructure
  • Delay in commissioning of power plants
  • Wastage of Energy
  • Poor distribution system
• Possible Solutions to Energy Crisis

  • Move towards Renewable Resources
  • Buy energy efficient products
  • Lighting controls
  • Easier grid access
  • Energy simulation
  • Perform Energy Audit
  • Common stand on climate change
• Energy


  Ability to do work or cause change
• Properties of Energy


  • It transforms
  • It is transferred
  • It is transported
  • It is conserved
• Energy crisis


  Increase in energy demand leads to shortage of energy resources
• Causes of energy crisis

  • Delay in commissioning of power plants
  • Wastage of energy
  • Poor distribution system
• Possible solutions to energy crisis

  1. Move towards renewable resources

  2. Buy energy efficient products

  3. Lighting controls

  4. Easier grid access

  5. Energy simulation

  6. Perform energy audit

  7. Common stand on climate change
• Properties of energy


  • It transforms
  • It is transferred
  • It is transported
  • It is stored
• Sources

  The place where something begins, where it springs into being. A place or thing from which something is obtained or derived.
• Classifications of energy sources

  • Renewable resources
  • Non-renewable resources
• Renewable resources


  Can be used repeatedly and does not run out because it is naturally replaced
• Disadvantages of renewable resources

  • May not be available for use when needed
• Solar energy


  Produced in the form of heat and light. It is considered unlimited.
• Ways to harness solar energy

  1. Photovoltaics

  2. Solar heating & cooling

  3. Concentrating solar power
• Hydroelectric power


  Energy created by flowing or falling water, captured and turned into electricity
• Wind energy


  Energy created using a wind turbine, a device that channels the power of the wind to generate electricity
• Geothermal energy


  Energy from the earth's core, constantly warming the earth
• Advantages of renewable resources

  • Environmental friendly
  • Limitless
  • Safe
• Disadvantages of renewable resources

  • Vary by location
  • Randomly obtained
• Non-renewable resources


  Naturally occurring energy substances but with limited availability
• Characteristics of non-renewable resources

  • Do not replenish naturally
  • Deplete over time
  • Cost-effective and easy to use