MEDIUM AND TECHNIQUES

• PENCIL is a wooden rod enclosing a substance for marking. It is usually made of graphite and not lead, contrary to the popular belief.
• GRAPHITE PENCILS are the most common ones used by artists.
• CHARCOAL is a stick pencil made from wood burned until it reaches the right consistency for drawing.
• COLORED PENCILS are similar to the typical pencil but have colored pigment core enclosed by wood.
• MECHANICAL PENCILS also known as automatic pencils, are enclosures that hold and extend sticks of graphite with a push of a button.
• PEN AND INK refers to the use of different inks with pen, which serves as the vehicle to create marks.
• Ballpoint pen is the most common and popular type. It uses a thick oil-based ink that dries quickly
• Rollerball pens uses a similar body with ballpoint pens, but it uses a water-based ink.
• Marker pens are pens that use four types of ink, namely, pigment, water, oil, and alcohol-based inks.
• Nib pens have metal nibs that are inserted on a metal body and do not have ink inside but must be dipped on ink instead.
• SOFT PASTEL is a type of pastel that has the consistency of a chalk.
• OIL PASTEL is another type of pastels. It is made of pigment held by wax or an oil binder.
• Sketch papers are the most common type of papers used in drawing. It is lightweight, widely available, and comes at a reasonable price.
• Illustration board is a board made of thick paper or cardboard that serves numerous purposes
• Sandpaper is used by artists because of the texture.
• HATCHING is the most basic shading technique used with both pen and pencil.
• CROSS HATCHING involves drawing lines that intersect.
• STIPPLING is the technique of drawing dots or ticks.
• SCUMBLING is creating circular marks
• SCRIBBLING is drawing with random lines. It does not require an outline.
• CONTOURING follows the shape of the image to make it look like it is three dimensional
• SMUDGING is a pencil technique that involves blending pencil marks with pressure