In temperate lakes, distinct temperature layers form during summer. The warm epilimnion (upper layer) supports phytoplankton (algae) and fish like bass. The colder hypolimnion (bottom layer) contains decomposers and fish adapted to low oxygen levels.
Rivers and Streams
Flowing water defines these freshwater habitats. Current speed, substrate type (rocky vs. sandy), and dissolved oxygen levels create niches for diverse species like fish, macroinvertebrates, and riparian plants.
Rivers and Streams
Formed either by a spring (groundwater emerging from under the ground) or by melting snow and ice
