BIOTECHNOLOGY MOD. 1-3

• What do you think are the challenges faced by our farmers in growing crops?

  Pest, Diseases, and Weather
• How do we Address this challenges faced by our farmers in growing crops?

  Pesticides, Herbicides, and Crop Rotation
• is a collection of scientific techniques used to improve plants, animals, and microorganism.

  AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY
• the placement of genes into plants to give the crop a beneficial trait.

  TRANSGENIC CROPS
• Benefits of TRANSGENIC CROPS?

  
  

  For FARMERS

  increased yield crops

  reduced pesticide use

  Reduced vulnerability of crops to environmental stresses and

  Increased nutritional qualities of food crops

  For CONSUMERS

  Increased and improved nutritional qualities of food crops more affordable food, and availability
• What is Punnuk?

  a harvest ritual of the Ifugao
• Potential benefits of GM Crops

  • More tolerant to stresses such as drought, cold and heat.
  • Pest-resistant and therefore less dependent on chemical pesticides.
  • Genetically Modified Crops have enhanced nutritional value.
• POTENTIAL RISK OF GM CROPS

  • danger of unintentionally introducing allergens and other anti-nutritional factors in foods.
  • likelihood of transgenes escaping from cultivated crops into wild relatives.
  • potential for pests to evolve resistance to the toxins produced by GM crops.
  • risk of these toxins affecting non-target.
• HOW CAN THESE APPLICATIONS CONTRIBUTE TO A MORE SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURAL SYSTEM?

  • Reduced Environmental Impact.
  • Increased Food Security.
• the exploitation of enzyme, microorganisms, and plants to produce energy, industrial chemicals and consumer goods.

  INDUSTRIAL BIOTECHNOLOGY
• working with nature to maximize and

  optimize existing

  biochemical pathways that can be used in manufacturing.

  ROLE OF INDUSTRIAL BIOTECHNOLOGY
• 4 major industrial areas in biotechnology?

  Medical, Agricultural, Environmental and Industrial.
• is the application of processes for the protection and restoration of the quality of the environment, it can be used to detect, prevent, and remediate the emission of pollutants into the environment in a number of ways.

  ENVIRONMENTAL BIOTECHNOLOGY
• is the process of using biological organisms to break down hazardous substances into less toxic or nontoxic substances.

  BIOREMEDIATION
• bioremediation in this sense involves the cleanup of blood and bodily fluids that can pose health risks such as hepatitis, HIV, and

  MRSA. Rather than using standard cleaning agents like bleach or ammonia, crime scene cleaners use enzyme cleaners to rid the scene of harmful

  Crime Scene CleanUP
• Human activity has introduced many toxic substances into the environment's soil and groundwater. During bioremediation, microbes utilize chemical contaminants in the soil as an energy source and, through oxidation-reduction reactions, metabolize the target contaminant into useable energy for microbes.

  Contaminated Soil CleanUP
• there are instances in our country that oil spill happens like in the Guimaras oil spill occurred in the Panay Gulf on August 11, 2006, when the tanker MT Solar 1 sank off the coast of Guimaras and Negros islands in the Philippines, causing what is considered as the worst oil spill in the country. Due to the effectiveness and lower cost of bioremediation, two methods were used to clean up an oil spill.

  Oil Spill CleanUP
• which is the injection of a small number of oil-degrading microbes into an affected area.

  Bioaugmentation
• which is the addition of nutrients to stimulate the growth of innate oil-degrading microbes to increase the rate of remediation.

  Biostimulation
• means that you allow bioremediation to take place while leaving the soil or water in its natural location. The steps of in situ bioremediation are site investigation, treatability studies,

  recovery of free product and removal of the contamination source, design and implementation of the in-situ bioremediation system, and lastly monitoring and performance evaluation of the

  in-situ bioremediation system

  In-situ Bioremediation
• means you would scoop up the contaminated soil or pump up the contaminated water and take it somewhere else for bioremediation.

  Ex-situ Bioremediation
• • are sizable vessels where hazardous materials are stored and mixed.

  Bioreactors
• • involves placing contaminated soil in a lined bed.

  Landfarming
• • involves the creation of aerated piles of contaminated soil.

  Biopilling
• is a process which utilizes organisms to improve health care and help the body to fight diseases. It is a branch of modern biotechnology which is utilized in the field of medicine. It is of great value not only to the pharmaceutical industry but also to the medical profession as it facilitates the enhancement of the quality of life on one hand and the alleviation of human suffering on the other.

  RED BIOTECHNOLOGY
• is the field of health and healing that includes nurses, doctors, and various specialists. It covers diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of disease, medical research, and many other aspects of health. Medicine aims to promote and maintain health and well-being.

  MEDICINE
• This technique allows scientists to isolate and clone genes, which can then be used to produce large quantities of a specific protein.

  Recombinant DNA Technology
• This approach aims to treat genetic diseases by introducing a healthy copy of a gene to replace a defective one.

  Gene Therapy
• Vaccines are a type of biological product that helps the body develop immunity to a particular disease.

  Vaccines
• Scientists are exploring the use of genetically modified plants to produce edible could revolutionize vaccines. This vaccination programs in developing countries, offering a safe, cost-effective, and needle-free way to deliver vaccines.

  Edible Vaccines
• This field uses biotechnology to diagnose diseases at the molecular level. This can be done by looking for genetic mutations, abnormal gene expression, or the presence of pathogens.

  Molecular Diagnostics
• This field studies how a person's genes affect their oresponse to medications. This information can be used to develop personalized medicine approaches, tailoring treatments to the individual patient and reducing the risk of adverse side effects.

  Pharmagenomics
• This field uses biotechnology to create new tissues and organs for transplantation. This has the potential to address the shortage of donor organs and improve the lives of people with organ failure..

  Tissue Engineering
• Biotechnology plays a crucial role in large-scale production of antibiotics through fermentation using genetically modified organisms.

  Antibiotics Production
• Biotechnology is a powerful tool for accelerating drug discovery. By analyzing genes and proteins associated with diseases, scientists can identify potential drug targets.

  Drug Discovery and Development
• Stem cells have the potential to develop into many different cell types in the body. Biotechnology is helping researchers understand how to harness the power of stem cells for treatment of various diseases.

  Stem Cell Therapy
• Biotechnology allows for the development and large-scaleproduction of probiotics, which are live microorganisms that confer health benefits..

  Probiotics and Biologics
• is the of computer hardware and software to store, retrieve and analyze large quantities of biological data.

  Bioinformatics
• This flowering plant is commonly used in teas, tinctures, and supplements to support the immune system.

  Echinacea
• is a popular remedy for nausea, indigestion, and inflammation. It can be consumed fresh, cooked, or in supplement form.

  Ginger Root