Drrr volcanic eruption

• Basaltic magma


  Magma made up of 45 to 55 percent silica, high in iron, magnesium and calcium, low in potassium and sodium, temperature around 1,000 to 1,200 degrees Celsius
• Andesitic magma

  Magma made up of 55 to 65 percent silica with average amounts of iron, magnesium, calcium, potassium and sodium, somewhat explosive
• Rhyolitic magma


  Magma high in potassium and sodium but low in iron, magnesium, and calcium, occurs in the temperature range of about 650oC to 800oC
• Magma


  • Molten rock which lies underneath volcanoes, formed at destructive plate boundaries, rich in silicate
• Magma crystallization


  High temperature minerals form as magma slowly cools down, followed by low temperature minerals
• Viscosity


  Resistance of the fluid to flow, affected by silica content and temperature
• Volatile content


  Gases dissolved in magma, affects the explosivity of volcanic eruptions
• Volcanic eruption


  High temperature inside the Earth melts solid rocks in the mantle into magma

  2. Continuous melting and accumulation of magma pushes it to the volcano vent

  3. Dissolved gases in magma form bubbles through decompression and crystallization

  4. Magma reaches the Earth's surface and explodes due to dissolved gases
• Volcanic hazards and effects

  • Ash fall

  Mud flow

  Lava flow

  Pyroclastic flow
• Precautionary measures


  • Before volcanic eruption:
  • Know facts about volcanoes in your area
  • Know location of evacuation site
  • Listen to authorities
  • Stock water and food supplies

  During volcanic eruption:

  • Stay inside, keep doors and windows closed
  • Secure water and food supplies
  • Wear protective gear if going out
  • Do not go near danger zones
  • Listen to news and obey evacuation orders

  After volcanic eruption:

  • Assess safety before going out
  • Check for damage
  • Clean up volcanic ash
  • Replace contaminated supplies
  • Stay updated on announcements
• Volcanic eruption can cover towns and farms with tons of ash, form catastrophic mud rivers, and blast hot gas down the volcano's sides at 200 km/h