Handicrafts

• Handicraft


  A type of work where useful and decorative devices are made completely by hand or by using only simple tools
• Pottery


  The art of making objects from hard clay by exposing them to heat or fire
• Pottery has been used for over 9000 years and usually consists of archaeological artifacts that define an era or time in history
• Potter's wheel


  A simple turntable on which wet, fresh clay revolves while a potter shapes it with his or her hands
• Pottery making


  1. Shaping the clay object

  2. Baking the soft clay in a kiln
• Philippine pottery uses


  • Making big jars or banga for relatives who have passed away
• Philippine pottery types

  • Burnay jars (Ilocos)
• Weaving


  The making of fabric by interlacing threads
• Loom


  The machine used for weaving
• Weaving process

  1. Warp threads stretched on a frame

  2. Weft threads carried under and over the warp by a shuttle
• Philippine woven textiles


  • Binulan
  • Wanno
• Malong


  A famous male underpants, a piece of cloth tied at the waist that looks like a skirt
• Kandit


  The official costume of the Tausug Tribe
• Other woven objects in the Philippines

  • Baskets
  • Fans
  • Mats
  • Bilao
  • Fisherman's net
  • Furniture
  • Farmer's hat or salakot

  
• Materials used for woven objects in the Philippines

  • Abaca (Bicol)
  • Bamboo
  • Rattan

  
• Woodcarving


  The art of putting designs on pieces of wood
• Philippine woodcarving

  • Bulol (Cordillera - pagan statue of gods/anitos)
  • Bowls and utensils (Cordillera)
  • Figures of man and animals (Cordillera)
  • Okir-a-datu designs (Maranaos and Tausugs)
• Philippine woodcarving designs

  • Sarimanok (colorful bird with fish on beak)
  • Naga (snake)
  • Pako (fern)
  • Animals and man (Tagbanuas of Palawan)
• Jewelry and accessories

  • Amulets used to keep evil spirits away
  • Brass chains and bells (T'bolis)
  • Beaded necklaces (T'bolis)
  • Tattoos to decorate body and show place in society
• Metalcraft


  Heating and pouring brass, bronze, gold, and silver into molds to make objects from jewelry to other decorative objects
• Philippine metalcraft

  • Balisong (Batangas - local knife)
  • Maranaos are famous for their metalcraft
• Handicraft promotes cultural heritage through use of indigenous materials
• Handicraft products show individual creativity and imagination
• Handicraft production encourages raw material producers
• Handicraft generates employment, especially for undergraduates
• Handicraft develops values of perseverance and industry
• Handicraft materials

  • Abaca
  • Rattan
  • Bamboo
  • Coconut shells
  • Fibers (coconut, buri, maguey, pineapple, abaca, banana)
  • Buri
  • Leather
• Handicraft tools


  • Mallet
  • Screwdriver
  • Pliers
  • Coping saw
  • Chisel
  • Hand drill
  • Wrench
  • Clamp
  • Knife
  • Smoothing plane
  • Auger
  • Hacksaw
  • Paintbrush
  • Folding rule, zigzag rule, steel rule
  • Pencil
  • Compass
  • Hammer
  • Blowtorch
  • Soldering iron
• Indigenous materials


  Natural resources found in the forest, swamps, hills or plains
• Our country is a nation rich in raw materials that can be converted into various kinds of handicrafts articles
• The ingenuity of the Filipino to create projects artificially out of these materials makes it possible to make them easily marketable here and abroad
• Wood groups

  • First group: dao, molave, narra, tindalo, ipil and yakal
  • Second group: banaba, tanguile, red lawan and apitong
  • Third group: langka, santol and white lawan
• Rattan


  Another indigenous material, widely used for making handcrafted articles such as furniture, baskets and hats
• Rattan types

  • Palasan - has big stems, suited for furniture
  • Sika - has small stems, good for trying rims of baskets and hats and for caning
• Fibers

  • Abaca fiber - white, glossy fiber extracted from the stalk of an abaca plant
  • Piña - taken from leaves of pineapple plants
  • Cotton fiber - one of the most popular fibers found in the Philippines
  • Kapok fiber - derived from the kapok tree
  • Coir - a fiber extracted from coconut husks
• Leather


  Comes from the skin of animals, known for its durability and usefulness
• Leather classification by origin

  • Natural - true leather of an animal
  • Artificial or synthetic - man made
• Leather classification by size

  • Hide - leather of big animals
  • Skin - leather of small animals
  • Kips - leather small or young animals
• Sources of natural leather

  • Cow hide
  • Calf skin
  • Steer hide
  • Pig skin
  • Deer hide
  • Goat skin
  • Alligator skin
  • Snake skin
  • Walrus skin
  • Ostrich skin
  • Horse skin
  • Lamb skin
  • Elephant skin
  • Giraffe skin
• Bamboo commercial value

  • Kawayang tinik or Bambusa spinos - spiny, second highest bamboo species
  • Bagto - good for making chairs, bamboo matting, flutes, weaving looms and paper
  • Gigantochloa - used to make water pipes and fish traps
  • Dendracalamus spices - used for construction purposes, vehicles shafts and ropemaking