industry key terms

• Simulcast

  Broadcasting of programs or events across more than one medium/service
• Horizontal integration


  • When big companies buy out smaller companies that are a potential threat to them
  • Reduces the chance of risk
• Vertical integration


  • When a company buys other companies that produces things that use in their production process
  • So they can reduce costs and maintain quality
• Conglomerates

  Huge organisations made up of several companies all with the same ownership
• Diversification


  When company adds to their core business and branches out into other areas

  google branched out into hardware technology - creating Chromebook
• Technological convergence

  Combining of separate technological devices into fewer devices or just one device with multiple functions
• Revenue

  
  

  is the total amount of money a business earns by selling a product or service
• Demographics


  Division of people into measurable segments, typically divided based on age, race, gender, social class, geography etc.
• National Readership Survey (NRS) social grade


  Divide the population according to occupations and salaries
• Digital convergence


  Merging different technologies, platforms, and industries in the digital era
• Public service models

  Create content for general public, funded by the public by license fee, e.g. Channel 4, BBC, ITV
• profit

  the amount of income that remains after accounting for all expenses, debts, additional income streams, and operating costs
• ABC figures

  Audit Bureau of Circulations is responsible for measuring the reach of different media across a range of platforms
• advertorial


  an advert that is presented in the form of editorial content

  e.g videos or post presented in the usual style of brand
• BARB

  Broadcasters' Audience Research Board

  the organisation that measures and collects television viewing data in the UK
• BBFC

  British Board of Film Classification

  responsible for deciding the age classification and censorship of all films and video
• CAP code

  advertising code that covers non-broadcast media

  written by the Committee of Advertising Practise
• circulation 


  relates to the amount of reader/viewers that access a media product

  can be measured in sales, unique visitors, listening/viewing figures
• Cognitive surplus


  The cultural context of increased leisure time allowing for more sharing, collaboration and creativity using online platforms.

  the free time that individuals have to engage with collaborative activities within new media.
• commercial media 


  privately owned media funded by advertising revenue
• commissioning


  when programmes get green lit for production

  producers pitch their ideas to commissioning controllers who decide wether to commission the programme
• commodification


  process by which something becomes an object that can be marketed and sold
• concentration of ownership


  refers to the limited number of organisations who control ownership of the media
• conglomerate 


  large corporation that owns a large number of media companies
• content analysis


  A method of research that provides quantitative data.

  It generally involves counting the number of times a particular feature appears in a given context

  for example, counting the number of men who have speaking roles in a TV programme.
• convergence

  The coming together of technologies and institutions to create a new product or media experience.
• cross platform marketing


  When one form is advertised on another media platform.
• cultural capital


  An idea of a power gained in society by having cultural knowledge and experiences that are valued within a culture.
• demerger


  separating a large corporation into 2 or smaller organisations
• digital native


  a person who is brought up with digital technology from an early age
• diversifications


  Large corporations spreading their interest and shares in a wide variety of mass media forms.
• duopoly 


  an industry where In which 2 companies control the market
• editorial philosophy


  A media product’s underlying values, attitudes and beliefs and the viewpoint it adopts.

  helps to determine the style and content of the media product including the mode of address it adopts.
• franchise 


  a collection of connected media products derived from a single original source

  for example, a film – with a comic and video game also produced about the film or a film that generates sequels, is rebooted etc.
• free market 


  capitalist system where the prices for goods and services are determined by the open market

  state/legal regulation is kept to a minimum
• global village 


  McLuhan - he described how modern electronic media have interconnected around the globe and have ‘shrunk’ the world making it seem like a village.
• guerilla marketing


  Low-cost and unconventional marketing methods with a clear focus on grabbing the audience’s attention.
• IPSO


  Independent Press Standards Organisation

  regulator of the newspaper and magazine industry
• revenue 


  source of income
• synergy 


  the concept that the value and performance of two companies combined will be greater than the sum of the separate individual parts. 

  e.g Nike and apple collaborated to create Nike +iPod sports kit

  EA mobile and Star Wars created Star Wars: galaxy of heroes