Topic 3 Organisation

• Ways pathogens can be spread

  • Water
  • Air
  • Direct Contact
• Pathogens spread through air


  • Influenza virus (causes flu, spread through droplets from coughing/sneezing)
• Pathogens spread through direct contact

  • Athlete's foot (fungus spread by touching contaminated surfaces like shower floors and towels)
• What is a communicable disease


  illnesses that spread from one person to another or from an animal to a person
• List 3 viral diseases


  Measles, HIV , Tobacco Mosaic Virus
• What are the symptoms of measles

  Red skin rash and a fever
• How is measles spread

  Measles is spread by droplets from an infected person’s sneeze or cough
• How is HIV spread

  HIV is a virus spread by sexual contact, or by exchanging bodily fluids such as blood
• What does HIV do to you/ symptoms

  It causes flu-like symptoms for a few weeks and attacks the immune cells
• What does Tobacco mosaic virus do?

  It causes discolouration on the leaves and therefore less photosynthesis so stunted growth
• What effect does rose black spot disease have on plants


  causes purple/black spots on the leaf and turn yellow and This means less photosynthesis
• How is rose black spot spread

  It spread through the environment in water or by the wind
• What are the side-effects of salmonella


  Fever, stomach cramps, vomiting and diarrhoea
• 1. You can get Salmonella food poisoning by eating food that's been contaminated with Salmonella bacteria, e.g. eating chicken that caught the disease whilst it was alive, or eating food that has been contaminated by being prepared in unhygienic conditions.
• How is Gonorrhoea transmitted

  STDs are passed on by sexual contact, e.g having unprotected sex
• What are the side-effects of Gonorrhoea

  Pain when urinating, yellow or green discharge from the vagina or penis