Environmental-coasts

• Properties of constructive waves

  They are created in calm weather

  They deposit material at the coast

  They have a stronger swash then backwash

  They have a long wavelength but are low in height.
• Properties of destructive waves

  They are big, high and strong waves

  They erode the coast

  They have a stronger backwash then swash

  They have a short wavelength and are high and steep
• What is are the coastal processes?

  Erosion, Transportation, and deposition
• What is hydraulic action?

  Air inside joints and cracks is trapped and compressed weakening the rock/cliff
• What is a solution?

  Acids in seawater can dissolve rock such as chalk and limestone.
• What is abrasion?

  This is the effect of rocks and sand the grind cliff surfaces like sandpaper
• What is attrition?


  Rocks and pebbles hit each other smoothing their surfaces
• What are the types of erosion?

  Hydraulic action

  Abrasion

  Attrition

  Solution
• Solution (transportation)

  Minerals that are dissolved in sea water and carried in solution whih are not visible
• what is a suspension?

  This is when small particles are carried in the water making the water unclear.
• What is saltation?

  This means when the sediments are bounced along the seabed.
• What Traction?

  Sediments are rolled along the seabed.
• What are the different types of transportation?

  Solution, suspension, saltation and traction.
• When is deposition most likely to occur?

  Waves enter an area of shallow water

  waves enter a sheltered area

  there is little wind

  there is a good supply of material
• What is headland erosion?

  Due to constant erosion, through time, the headland will form into an arch, stack and stump.
• What are headland bays?

  Different resistant rock layers will be affected by erosion in different ways. Resistant rocks will be less eroded than the less resistant rock. The less resistant rock will erode to form a bay while the resistant rock will form the headland.
• What are wave cut platforms?

  A cliff will be eroded and will retreat backwards to form a platform in front of it.
• What are beaches?

  Sand will be deposited in the bay through a longshore drift.
• What are sand dunes?

  These are heaps of sand that are transported through the wind and sea. These are then stabilized due to vegetation.
• What does fetch mean?

  It means how far the wave has travelled
• What is a boulder scree?

  When parts of a cliff collapse, the boulders will fall on the ground. The number of boulders on the ground is called the boulder scree.
• What is swash?

  When a wave breaks water is washed up on the beach
• What is backwash?

  When water runs down the beach