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Topic 3: Propaganda
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Propaganda
Using
fear
as a tool to generate
support
for the Nazis and hatred for their enemies
Nazi propaganda
Reinforced
the idea that the Nazis were in control
Used to
generate
support
for the Nazis and hatred for their enemies
Dr.
Joseph
Goebbels
Appointed
Minister
of
Propaganda
and Popular Enlightenment
Goebbels: 'The essence of propaganda consists in winning people over to an idea so thoroughly that they can never escape from
it'
Censorship of news
Newspapers could only print stories favourable to and approved by the Nazis
Goebbels held
daily
press
conferences
to tell editors what they could and could not put in newspapers
Communist and socialist papers were
banned,
only the controlled German press remained by 1939
Book burning
In May
1933,
20,
000
books by 2,
500
authors were burned in Berlin
Posters
The Nazis produced
thousands
of posters designed to
persuade
people to think like Nazis
Posters were
cheap
and easy to distribute, placed in prominent positions as constant reminders of Nazi ideology
Radio
All radio output was controlled by
Goebbels'
ministry
Listening to
foreign
radio
stations was banned
Cheap radios called
'people's
receivers'
were produced, allowing Nazi propaganda to reach millions of German homes
Films
The Nazis made
hundreds
of films that carried Nazi messages
They bought shares in major film companies until they were completely under Nazi control
Anti-Jewish
films
were also made
Newspapers
In
1933
, 73%
of
newspapers were controlled by the Nazis
By
1944-47
,
82
% of daily newspapers were controlled by the Nazi party
Editors were responsible for content and only journalists approved by the Nazis could work in the media
Large public events
Mass
rallies
were held to show public support for Nazism
The annual
Nuremberg
rallies
from
1933-38
were organised by
Albert
Speer
The
1936
Berlin
Olympics were used to showcase the success of the Nazi regime and the supposed superiority of the Aryan race
Nazi propaganda helped
reinforce
existing beliefs and made people more fanatically loyal to the Nazi party
The Nazi propaganda messages were pervasive in people's lives through mediums like loudspeakers and reached the impressionable younger generation
There was some opposition to the Nazis, such as from the Confessional Church and youth groups, but this was closely monitored and suppressed