atoms

• the nucleus is located in the middle of an atom with electrons orbiting it
• the nucleus is made up of protons and neutrons
• protons have a positive charge of +1
• neutrons are have a neutral charge of 0
• electrons have a negative charge of -1
• if the amount of protons and electrons are equal the atom is neutral
• when atoms lose or gain electrons the charges are no longer balanced. they are no longer atoms and they become ions.
• if there are more electrons than protons they become negative ions
• if there are more protons than electrons the atom becomes a positive ion
• the bottom number of an element of the periodic table represents a singular atoms atomic number. the atomic number tells you how many protons there are.
• the top number of an element of the periodic table represents a singular atoms mass number. the mass number of an atom tells us the total amount of protons and neutrons in an atom.
• to find out how many neutrons there are in an atom you take away the atomic number from the mass number
• the atomic number also tell you how many electrons an atom has
• an element is determined by the amount of protons it has
• the relative charge of an electron is eligible
• the overall charge of an atom is 0