B1

• magnification


  
  

  image size/real
• total magnifaction


  magnification of eye piece lens X magnification of objective lens
• what is magnification


  it is how much bigger a sample appears to be under the microscope than it is in real life
• identify features of a microscope

  answer

  
• what is resolution


  the ability to distinguish between two points on an image -amount of detail
• function of ribosomes


  where protein-synthesis occurs
• function of nucleus


  controls all activities of the cell and contains the genetic info
• function of cell membrane


  contorls movement of substances in and out of the cell
• function of cytoplasm


  where chemical reactions take place controlled by enzymes
• function of mitochondria


  where most of the energy is released during aerobic respiration and transfers energy to cells that need them
• function of cell wall


  • provides strength and support for plant
  • made of cellulose
• function of chloroplasts

  • helps absorb sunlight for photosynthesis
  • contains chlorophyll
• function of vacuole

  • conatins cell sap-weak solution of salts and sugars
  • helps keep cell rigid
• name a prokaryote


  bacteria
• what are prokaryotes


  single-celled organisms
• structures in a eukaryote


  • cell membrane
  • cytoplasm
  • genetic material that is enclosed in a nucleus
• name a eukaryote


  animal cell or plant cell
• what is the genetic material


  DNA that forms structures called chromosmes
• what are plasmids


  extra small rings of DNA
• structures in a prokaryote

  • cell membrane
  • cytoplasm
  • cell wall(not made of cellulose)
  • slimy capsule
  • plasmids
  • flagella
  • genetic material that is not enclosed in a nucleus
• how is the genetic material like in the prokaryote


  a single circular strand of DNA that floats freely in the cytoplasm
• how is a root hair cell specialised


  long and thin to increase surface area so higher water intake
• what is the function of a root hair cell


  to absorb water and minerals
• how is a sperm cell specialised

  • streamlined shape
  • long tail to swim
  • lots of mitochondria for energy to move
  • acrosome-enzyme that helps to break the outer wall of the egg
• what is the function of a sperm cell


  to fertilise the egg cell
• what is the function of the red blood cell


  to collect oxygen form the lungs and transport it around the body
• what is the function of a palisade cell


  to carry out photosynthesis from using sunlight
• how is a palisade cell specialised

  • lots of chloroplast that can absorb more sunlight
  • small and thin to let light penetrate through
• how is a red blood cell specialised

  • circular shape
  • biconcave-to get through capillaries
  • large surface area for diffusion
• what is the function of a muscle cell


  to contract and relax for movement
• what is the function of a nerve cell


  to send electrical impulses to the brain
• how is a egg cell specialised

  hard outer wall
• how is a egg cell specialised


  hard outer wall
• what is the function of a white blood cell

  • it fights viruses and stops them get through
  • produce antibodies
• how is a white blood cell specialised


  has a big nucleus
• differentiation


  the process by which a cell changes to become specialised for its job
• what is the function of a xylem cell


  to transport water and ions in one direction-transpiration
• what is the function of a phloem cell


  to transport sugars up and down the stem-translocation
• structures of a xylem cell

  • lignin-chemical in cell wall =makes cell strong and withstands pressure of water moving up
  • they die and form long hollow tubes
• structures of a phloem cell


  breakdown of cell walls form seive plates to carry sugars