developmental

• bandura et al-

  transmission of aggression
• what type of experiment was bandura et al study?

  lab experiment
• how many participants were in Bandura et als study?

  72 children
• where did bandura et als study take place?


  stanford university
• what design was used in banduras study?

  matched pairs design
• what were the independent variables in banduras study?

  aggression vs non-aggression

  the sex of the model

  the sex of the child
• what were the four groups used in bandura et als study?

  boy + man

  boy + female

  girl + man

  girl + female
• what was the dependant variable in bandura et als study?

  the amount of aggression that was shown
• what were the three different conditions in bandura et als study?

  1. exposed
  2. aggression arousal
  3. delayed imitation
• what were some of the verbal responses recorded from Bandura et als study?

  'cut him'

  'shoot the bobo'
• what was a strength of bandura et als study?

  not androcentric

  (had both male and female participants)
• what was a weakness of bandura et als study?

  low ecological validity
• Chaney

  Funhaler
• how many children took part in Chaney's study?

  32 children between the ages 1.5 to 6

  a mean age of 3.2
• what ethical issue was covered from the start of Chaney's study?

  informed consent was given from all parents
• where did Chaney's study take place?

  Australia
• what was the independent variable for Chaney's study?

  the device that was used

  • the regular inhaler
  • the funhaler
• what was the dependent variable in Chaney's study?

  how well the children complied with each version of the inhaler
• what were the results of Chaney's study?

  3/30 children used the normal inhaler

  22/30 children used the funhaler
• what is a strength of Chaney's study?

  it was a field experiment
• weaknesses of Chaney's study?

  it was ethnocentric

  there were repeat measures

  demand characteristics
• what was Kohlbergs study on?

  Moral development
• how many participants took part in Kohlbergs study?

  75 american boys
• what was kohlberg's study considered as?

  a longitudinal study
• how old were the boys over the course of kohlberg's study?

  10-16 at the start

  22-28 at the end
• kohlberg - moral development

  the boys were given hypothetical moral dilemmas that they had to respond to and give the reasoning behind their answer.
• what were the findings of kohlberg's study?

  not all participants progressed and reached stage 6
• strengths of kohlberg's study?

  longitudinal study

  cross cultures
• weaknesses of Chaney's study?

  androcentric
• lee 


  evaluating of lying and truth telling
• how many participants were in lee's study?

  228 participants altogether

  120 Chinese

  108 Canadian
• what class were the majority of participants in Lee's study?

  middle class
• what was the independent variable in Lee's study?

  Chinese vs Canadian children
• what was the dependent variable in Lee's study?

  the rating that was given

  (ratings ranged from very, very good to very, very naughty.)
• what type of design was used in lee's study?

  it was a laboratory experiment with an independent measures design
• what were the children given in Lee's study?

  Children were read four scenarios with illustrations: two were prosocial and two were antisocial. 
• Prosocial Behaviour/Truth-Telling Situations

  • Children from both cultures rated the prosocial behaviours similarly
  • Canadian children at each age gave similar ratings to truth telling
  • Chinese children's ratings became less positive as age increased
• Prosocial Behaviour/Lie-Telling Situations

  • Canadian children rated lie telling negatively, but as age increased their ratings became less negative
  • Chinese children's ratings of lie telling changed from negative to positive as age increased
• Antisocial Behaviour/Truth-Telling Situations

  • Children from both cultures rated the antisocial behaviours similarly
  • Children from both cultures rated truth telling in this situation very positively
• Antisocial Behaviour/Lie-Telling Situations

  • Both Chinese and Canadian children rated lie telling negatively in this condition
  • Negative ratings increased with age, regardless of culture
  • Chinese 7-year-olds rated lie telling less negatively then older children in the physical story condition
  • Canadian 7-year-olds rated lie telling less negatively than older children in the social story condition