science

• • One of the branches of science that plays an important role in meeting the needs of humanity is chemistry
• Through chemistry, man is able to produce new and better products that help improve the quality of life, prevent and fight diseases, and provide abundant supply of the basic needs of the growing population.
• Agriculture

  • The new technologies developed by chemists and chemical engineers have improved

  •farming and food production;

  • and enhanced the flavor, appearance, availability, and

  • nutritional values of food
• Agriculture

  •Fertilizer and Soil nutrients

  •Crop Protection and Soil Management

  •Food Processing, Handling, and Safety

  •Food Storing and Packaging
• Medicine

  •Millions of human lives have been saved and improved by the medical breakthroughs developed through chemistry.
• Medicine

  •Chemists and chemical engineers were able to produce new drugs and medicines, create new medical equipment, and refine diagnostic procedures.
• Medicine

  •The advances in the field of medicine have prolonged the lives of people, improved their condition, allowed them to combat diseases, and made them live happily and healthily.
• Medicine

  •Drugs and Medications

  •Medical Testing and Disease Diagnostics

  •Innovative Healthcare Materials
• Industry

  •All aspects of human lives have been affected by the improvements in the field of chemistry.
• •Industrial plants and processes rely heavily on chemistry and chemical products.
• Industry

  •The new materials derived from natural materials and from synthetic sources have contributed much to various industries.
• Industry

  •Ceramics

  •Polymers

  •Alloys
• All forms of matter are made up of particles.
• These particles, described as the building blocks of matter, are called atoms.
• building blocks of matter

  Scientists call this characteristic as particulate nature of matter.
• The basic principles of the particulate model of matter are:

  • (1) All matter is made of tiny particles.

  • (2) There is empty space in between the particles.

  • (3) The particles are in constant motion.

  • (4) There are forces that act between the particles.
• solid

  Definite shape; maintains shape even upon transfer to another container.
• liquid

  No definite shape; takes the shape of the portion of the container it occupies.
• gas

  No definite shape; takes the shape of the container.
• solid

  Definite volume; no change in volume even upon transfer to a bigger container.
• liquid

  Definite volume; no change in volume even upon transfer to a bigger container.
• gas

  No definite volume; takes the entire volume of the container.
• solid

  Low compressibility
• liquid

  it is Low compressibility
• gas

  High compressibility
• solid

  High density
• liquid

  Lower density than solids
• gas

  Very low density
• solid

  Does not flow easily
• liquid

  Flows easily
• gas

  it Flows easily
• solid

  • It has definite shape and volume because its particles are closely packed together in a fixed position.
• solid

  These particles vibrate and are held together by strong attractive forces.
• solid

  • It is difficult to compress the particles.
• liquid

  • It has a definite volume and takes the shape of the container.
• • Liquid flows easily because its particles have enough space and have less attractive force.
• liquid

  The spaces in the particles allows particles to be compressed a little bit.
• gas

  It takes the volume and shape of the container.
• Gas particles are far from each other that is why they have the weak attractive force and can flow easily.
• gas

  They occupy the entire space available.