ANIMAL DIVERSITY

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Created by
Saraldin Arasid

Cards (27)

  • 2 Classification of Animals
    1. Vertebrates
    2. Invertebrates
  • PORIFERA - Simplest form of animal
  • PORIFERA - The most primitive animal group
  • How are sponges classified?
    • Based largely upon the chemical composition and morphology of the support elements.
  • Class Calcarea (calcareous sponges) - show all 3 types of canal systems; mostly asconoid canals spicules of CaCO3, needle-shaped or 3-4 rayed
  • Class Demospongiae (spongin sponges) - Supporting spicules and fibers maybe silicious, made up of sponging fibers or both.
  • Class Hyalospongia (hexactinellida) - glass sponges with silicious spicules, usually 6-rayed spicules.\
  • Class Sclerospongiae - The internal skeleton is hard in some species; it is composed of aragonite.
  • Class Sclerospongiae - The skeleton consists of siliceous spicules and spongin on a thick basal layer of calcium carbonate.
  • CNIDARIA - derives its name from the Greek knide (nette), which refers to the specialized stinging cells that are characteristic of this phylum (Cnidocytes)
  • Cnidocytes - stinging cells that release venomous substances to paralyze prey
  • Two true tissue layers of cnidaria(diploblastic)
    1. Epidermis - tissue layer that lines the outer surface that contains specialized stinging cells
    2. Gastrodermis – inner lining of the digestive sac between the two tissues is a jelly layer called mesoglea
  • There are 2 strikingly different body plans are found among cnidarians:
    1. Medusa form- resembles a gelatinous saucer or upside down cup; generally swims ; umbrella shape.
    2. Polyp form- tubular body and generally stationary.
  • Class Hydrozoa - structural form: polyp, medusa (with velum) or both; maybe single or colonial.
  • Class Scyphozoa - structural form is mainly medusa. Collectively they are jelly fish.
  • Class Anthozoa - structural form is polyp only; generally colonial but some are solitary.
  • Cubozoa - differ from Scyphozoans in their arrangement of tentacles; they are also known for their box-shaped medusa.
  • PLATYHELMINTHES -body is usually elongated & slender, leaf-like or long & ribbon-like. Acoelomate, triploblastic, bilaterally symmetrical, Incomplete digestive tract (no anus), With cephalization (head and centralized CNS)
  • Class Turbellaria - free-living flatworms that lack hooks and suckers.
  • Class Trematoda - with suckers for attachment and absorption of nutrients (no hook), all parasitic and Generally flukes.
  • Class Cestoda - Endoparasitic, Tape like segmented and has pseudometamerisms. Head with suckers and hook
  • Pseudometamerisms - a condition where an animal's body segments are independent of each other, and each segment contains a complete set of organs that are not connected to the organs in other segments.
  • Proglottid - each segment in the strobila of a tapeworm, containing a complete sexually mature reproductive system.
  • Scolex - the anterior end of a tapeworm, bearing suckers and hooks for attachment.
  • NEMATHELMINTHES - Roundworms/threadworms (are either free-living or parasitic), cylindrical and unsegmented
  • Class Adenophorea (Aphasmidia) - no phasmid (sensory organ)
  • Class Secernentea (Phasmidia) - Phasmids present; sensory structures and Parasitic.