ORGCHEM LAB ACT.6-7-8

• Refers to transference of compounds from a solid or liquid into a different solvent or phase.

  EXTRACTION
• Crystalline powder with practically no odor; Acidulant in baking powders; Melting point is 121-154 degrees celcius

  Boiling Point is 265 degrees celcius

  PH 2.5-3.0

  HEXENEDIOC ACID

  (CH2)4(COOH)2
• An acidulant and flavoring agent characterize as stable, Non hygroscopic slightly soluble.

  ADIPIC ACID
• Not safely given to babies because it may cause jaundice no Specific antidote.

  BENZOIC ACID ,C6H5COOH

  Benzene carboxylic acid

  Phenyl formic Acid
• *Gentian Violet, Basic Violet 3 Hexamethylpararosaniline

  *blur,aniline derived dye with antifungal and antimitotic properties

  CRYSTAL VIOLET
• White or yellowish-white minute triclinic crystals,often twinned;Odorless;

  C20H14O4

  PHENOLPHTHALEIN
• Food additives and flavoring agent,anti freezing agent.

  N-Amyl alcohol
• Caustic Soda , Sodium hydrate, Soda lye,white caustic

  denser than water,corrosive to metal and tissue

  SODIUM HYDROXIDE
• table salt, Solar Salt,Halite, Sea salt

  SODIUM CHLORIDE
• intravenous solution is indicated for use in adults and pediatric patients as a source of electrolytes and water for hydration. For spice and flavorant,drug additives

  SODIUM CHLORIDE (NaCl)
• Clear colorless liquid with an anesthetic(sweetish)odor

  ETHER
• Used as solvent to make other chemicals

  ETHER
• Boiling point: 94.3 degrees celcius

  Melting point: -116 degrees celcius

  (C4H10O)

  ETHER
• Relative ability of a solute to dissolve into a solvent.

  SOLUBILITY
• Substance ordinarily a liquid in which other materials dissolve from a solution

  SOLVENT
• A solution is a special type of homogenous mixture composed of two or more substances. Can dissolve in another substance known as solvent

  SOLUTE
• Substance that conducts electric current as a result of dissociation into positively and negatively charged particles call ions

  ELECTROLYTE
• Microanalytical technique which enables mixture of organic and inorganic compounds to be separated by adsorption partition or ion-exchange on a thin layer or film of adsorbent coated on a glass plate.

  THIN LAYER CHROMATOGRAPHY (TLC)
• Stationary phase is a thin adsorbent material layer usually silica gel or alum oxide coated onto an iner plate surface typically glass plastic or aluminum

  THIN LAYER CHROMATOGRAPHY
• Silica gel

  alumina

  kieselguhr

  cellulose powder

  acetylated and ion-exchanged cellulose powder

  ADSORBENTS
• Stationary phase in TLC/column chromatography

  SILICA
• its porous internal structure and polar hydroxyl groups allow it to readily adsorb Polar molecules

  SILICA
• Acetone

  ethanol

  benzene

  water

  SOLVENT
• Rf=distance traveled by the dye/distance traveled by the solvent

  RF Formula
• 4 unique properties of carbon:

  tetravalent

  catenation:self linking form long chain

  non-ionic compound formation

  covalent bond formation
• 4 properties of hydrogen

  standard temperature

  standard pressure

  nontoxic,nonmetallic,odorless,tasteless,colorless

  highly combustible diatomic gas
• Converts the organic compound to NaCN Na2SNaX if nitrogen sulfur and halogens (Cl Br and I)are present

  LASSAIGNE (Sodium Fusion)
• used in elemental analysis for the qualitative determination of the presence of foreign elements, namely halogens, nitrogen and sulphur incan organic compound it was develop by J. L. Lassaigne

  LASSAIGNE
• Properties of oxygen

  poor conductor of heat and electricity

  High reactive nonmetallic element
• Properties of Nitrogen

  colorless, odorless, tastless and mostly inert diatomic gas at standard conditions

  used to make fertilizers nitric acid nylon dyes and explosives
• Cyanide is converted to ferrocyanide ion by boiling with a ferrous ion.
• “Slaked lime” “Hydrated lime”

  CALCIUM HYDROXIDE
• Ca(OH)2

  CALCIUM HYDROXIDE
• Colorless rhombic, trigonal crystals or white powder;odorless; slightly butter alkaline taste

  CALCIUM HYDROXIDE
• Ba(OH)2 or BaH2O2

  BARIUM HYDROXIDE
• white powder or colorless monoclinic crystals Odorless. Insoluble in acetone

  BARIUM HYDROXIDE
• Used as plastic additive and fuel additive

  Ba(OH)
• “Blue Stone”

  CuSO4

  ANHYDROUS COPPER SULFATE
• Boiling point 650 degrees celcius

  Melting point 590 degrees celcius

  Anhydrous copper sulfate
• An inorganic compound used as a precursor in many copper-containing products such as wood preservatives and ceramics. May be found un over-the counter vitamin mineral supplements

  CUPRIC OXIDE

  CuO