PER DEV

• Personality


  Who we are. Our personalities determine how we act and react, as well as how we interact with and respond to the world
• Personality


  The relatively stable feelings, thoughts, and behavioural patterns a person has
• Personality development


  A process in which persons reflect upon themselves, understand who they are, accept what they discover about themselves and learn new sets of values, attitudes, behavior, and thinking skills to reach their fullest potential as human beings
• Personality development


  • An improvement in all spheres of an individual's life, be it with friends, in the office or in any other environment
• Three Aspects or Domains of Human Development

  • Physical Development
  • Cognitive Development
  • Psychosocial Development
• Physical Development


  Development of the body and the brain, motor and sensory skills and even physical health
• Cognitive Development


  Capacity to learn, to speak, to understand, to reason, and to create
• Psychosocial Development


  Social interactions with other people, our emotions, attitudes, self-identity, personality, beliefs, and values
• Factors Affecting Human Development

  • Heredity
  • Environment
  • Maturation
• Heredity


  Inborn traits passed on by the generations of offspring from both sides of the biological parents' families
• Environment


  The world outside of ourselves and the experiences that result from our contact and interaction with the external world
• Maturation


  Natural progression of the brain and the body that affects the cognitive, psychological, social dimensions of a person
• Physical Maturation


  Focuses on the physical changes that occur as we age. Example: at birth we mainly use reflexes to interact with the world
• Humanistic Psychology


  The school of thought that gave birth to the contemporary understanding of personal development. Dealt with personal growth and meaning as a way of reaching one's fullest potentials
• Abraham Maslow's Holistic Dynamic Theory

  Human Motivation: A Hierarchical Theory

  
• Carl Rogers' "On Becoming a Person"


  The individual has within himself the capacity and the tendency, latent if not evident, to move forward toward maturity
• Hierarchy of Needs


  Suggests that people are motivated to fulfill basic needs before moving on to other, more advanced needs. This hierarchy is most often displayed as a pyramid, with the lowest levels being the most basic needs
• Physiological Needs


  The most basic needs that are vital to survival: water, air (oxygen), food, and sleep/rest. Maslow believed that these needs are the most basic and instinctive needs in the hierarchy. The satisfaction of these needs helps "avoid" illness
• Safety or Security Needs

  A desire for steady employment, health care, safe neighborhoods, and shelter from the environment. These needs have to do with man's yearning for a predictable, orderly world in which injustice and inconsistency are under control. The satisfaction of these needs helps AVOID basic anxiety
• Love and Belonging


  Emotionally-based relationships in general, such as; friendship, sexual intimacy, acceptance and having a supportive and communicative family. The satisfaction of these needs helps AVOID emotional maladjustment
• Self-Esteem Needs


  The need for things that reflect on self-esteem, personal worth, social recognition, and accomplishment. The satisfaction of these needs helps AVOID insecurity, low self-esteem and emotional maladjustment
• Self-Actualization


  The instinctual need of humans to make the most of their abilities and to strive to be the best they can. Need for growth, development and utilization of potential, becoming all that one can be, self-fulfillment
• Transcendence


  The need for helping others to self-actualize. This need when fulfilled, leads to feelings of integrity
• Carl Rogers' Person-Centered Approach


  This approach was found to be effective in its application in various domains such as psychotherapy and counseling (client-centered therapy), education (student-centered learning), organizations, and other group settings
• Fully Functioning Person


  An individual who has within himself the capacity and tendency to move forward toward maturity, either this capacity is evident to the person or latent
• Two Hemispheres of the Brain

  • The two sides of the brain communicate with one another to perform all vital bodily processes. Both the left and the right side of the brain look very much alike, but they too share some differences, especially in processing information. Lack of integration between the different components of the brain could result in some forms of impairment. The human brain has the ability to recognize itself. Each side of the brain has a distinct function, which affects the person's ability to learn and adapt
• Paul Broca


  French physician, anatomist, and anthropologist. He is best known for his theory that the speech production center of the brain is located on the left side of the brain and for pinpointing the location to the ventroposterior region of the frontal lobes (now known as Broca's area). After several tests, Broca theorized that some language functions reside on the left side of the brain. Studies conducted on the brain started with an attempt to understand a brain-related disease or malfunction
• Split Brain Theory


  When split-brain patients are shown an image only in the left half of each eye's visual field, they cannot vocally name what they have seen. This is because the image seen in the left visual field is sent only to the right side of the brain. Communication between the two sides is inhibited, so the patient cannot say aloud the name of that which the right side of the brain is seeing. A similar effect occurs if a split-brain patient touches an object with only the left hand while receiving no visual cues in the right visual field. The patient will be unable to name the object, as each cerebral hemisphere of the primary cortex only contains a tactile representation of the opposite side of the body
• Triune Brain Theory


  Paul MacLean theorized that the brain has three distinct parts: neocortex, limbic system, and reptilian complex. The neocortex (rational brain) is responsible for intellectual tasks such as language, planning, abstraction, and perception. The limbic system (intermediate brain) is responsible for the motivation and emotion involved in feeding, reproductive behavior, and parental behavior. The reptilian complex (primitive brain) controls the self-preservation and aggressive behavior of humans similar to the survival instincts of animals
• Brain Dominance Theory


  Ned Herrmann's theory that people normally have a dominant part of their body, like a more dominant leg, eye, or arm, which a person often prefers to use. This is the same with the brain
• Four Dominant Quadrants


  • Upper Left (A) Cerebral Mode - analytical
  • Lower Left (B) Limbic Mode - organized
  • Lower Right (C) Limbic Mode - interpersonal
  • Right (D) Cerebral System Upper - imaginative
• Upper Left (A) Cerebral Mode


  Quadrant A learners are very much into logical thinking
• Lower Left (B) Limbic Mode


  Quadrant B learners easily grasp things in sequence, enjoy organizing ideas and things, assess situations and information
• Lower Right (C) Limbic Mode


  Quadrant C learners are very sociable learners who enjoy learning with a group with whom they share ideas and projects
• Right (D) Cerebral System Upper


  Quadrant D learners are the curious ones who enjoy discovering, experimenting, and exploring activities
• Mind Mapping


  A diagram used to represent ideas or information branching from a central keyword or idea and used as an aid in study, organization, problem-solving, decision-making, and writing
• Five Essential Characteristics of Mind Mapping

  • The center image represents the main idea, subject, or focus
  • Main branches represent the major ideas or topics
  • Sub-branches represent the sub-topics or details
  • Branches are connected with lines
  • Keywords or short phrases are used to represent ideas

  
• A and B learners

  • Practical
  • Reality-based
  • Down-to-earth
• C learners


  • Very sociable
  • Enjoy learning with a group
  • Share ideas and projects
• D learners


  • Curious
  • Enjoy discovering
  • Enjoy experimenting
  • Enjoy exploring activities