HA LEC MIDTERM

• Otoscope


  An instrument used for examining the interior of the ear, especially the eardrum, consisting essentially of a magnifying lens and a light
• Mastoid


  A bony prominence behind the ear
• Cerumen


  Earwax, lubricates and protects the ear canal
• Eustachean tube


  Part of middle ear that connects to the nasopharynx
• Conductive Hearing loss


  The result of interrupted transmission of sound waves through the outer and middle ear structures
• Sensorineural hearing loss


  The result of damage to the inner ear, the auditory nerve or the hearing center in the brain
• Mixed Hearing loss


  A combination of conduction and sensorineural loss
• Tympanic membrane

  Appears pearly gray color or semitransparent
• Abnormal finding

  Bluish color of the ear lobes (cyanosis)
• Pallor


  Suggestive of frostbite
• Excessive redness


  Suggestive of inflammation or fever
• Low-set ears


  The auricle is not aligned with the outer canthus of the eye, associated with Down Syndrome
• Presence of redness and discharge

  Excessive cerumen obstructing canal
• Impacted cerumen


  Hardened, dried cerumen that obstructs the ear canal that sometimes affects hearing
• Otitis Media


  A middle ear infection common among children, manifested by the presence of foul odor ear discharges and ear pain as a result of cold, sore throat or respiratory infection
• Otosclerosis


  Hardening of the bones in the middle era
• Cholesteatoma


  Abnormal skin growth or epithelial cysyt in middle ear that usually results from repeated ear infections
• Perforation


  Hole in tympanic membrane caused by chronic negative middle ear pressure, inflammation or trauma
• Gross Hearing Acuity Test


  Assesses response of clients to normal tone of voice
• Normal


  • Can hear normal voice without difficulty
• Whisper test


  Assess high-frequency hearing. Occlude one ear and whisper phrase or words to patient
• Weber's Test


  Assess bone conduction hearing loss, the lateralization or sideward transmission of sounds. Uses tuning fork in the assessment.
• Normal Weber Test

  • Sound is heard in both ears or is localized at the center of the head
• Abnormal Weber Test

  • Sound is heard better in impaired ear, indicating a bone-conductive hearing loss
  • Patient hears tone only in his affected ear indicating a sensorineural hearing loss (Weber Positive)
• Rinne Test


  Compares air conduction to bone conduction
• Normal Rinne Test

  • Air conducted hearing (AC) is greater than bone-conducted hearing (BC). AC>BC (Positive Rinne Test)
• Abnormal Rinne Test

  • Bone conduction time is equal to or longer than air conduction time, BC>AC or BC=AC (Negative Rinne, indicates a conductive hearing loss)
• Presbycusis


  Generalized hearing loss common among older adults
• Tinnitus


  The perception of sound that does not have external source commonly described as ringing sound
• Epistaxis


  Nose bleed that can occur in one or both nostrils. May result from hypertensive disease or other arterial vessel changes.
• Kiesselbach Plexus


  A network of blood vessels that supplies the nose with a large quantity of blood in order to adjust the temperature of air entering the body. The common site of nose bleeds.
• Rhinorrhea


  Runny nose
• Anosmia


  Loss of the ability to smell
• Hyposmia


  Decreased sense of smell
• Parosmia


  Distorted sense of smell
• Stomatitis


  Inflammation of the oral mucosa
• Xerostomia


  Dry mouth, common among older adults
• Sordes- accumulation of foul matter on the teeth and gums. Plaque- invisible soft film that adheres to the surface of the enamel

  Tartar- a visible, hard deposits of plaque and dead bacteria that forms around the gum lines.
• Glossitis- inflammation of the tongue. Caviar spots- tiny purple or bluish clack se=woollen areas under the tongue. 
• Throat pain- or sore throat, refers to discomfort in any part of the pharynx