Digestive System

• Digestive System - to convert food particles into simpler micromolecules that can be absorbed into the bloodstream and used by the body
• Cell Type - Epithelial and Muscle Tissue
• Mouth

  • to chew and grind up food
  • saliva also begins the chemical breakdown
• Esophagus

  pipe connecting mouth to stomach
• Stomach

  • secretes an extraordinarily strong acid (pH = 2) that leads to breakdown of food
  • once the food is broken down in the stomach and mixed with digestive juices, it is called chyme
• Pancreas

  • secretes digestive enzymes, produces the hormone insulin that regulates blood sugar levels
  • also help neutralize stomach acid
• Liver

  • produces bile, which breaks down fats in foods
• Gallbladder

  pouch-like organ that stores bile for future use
• Small Intestine

  • after digestion is complete, the chyme enters the small intestine where it is absorbed into the bloodstream
  • the chyme is propelled along by folded surfaces called villi, on the intestine
• Large Intestine

  removes water from the chyme and gets the waste ready for excretion
• Organ system Interactions

  • Circulatory system – move nutrients to other parts of body
  • Nervous system – regulation of peristaltic activity
  • Endocrine system – hormones that regulate apatite and digestive enzyme release
  • Excretory – removal of solid waste
• Parts of Digestive System

  A) Mouth

  B) Salivary glands

  C) Liver

  D) Gallbladder

  E) Duodenum

  F) Ascending colon

  G) ileum

  H) cecum

  I) appendix

  J) anus

  K) esophagus

  L) stomach

  M) pancreas

  N) transverse colon

  O) descending colon

  P) jejunum

  Q) sigmoid colon

  R) rectum