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• Combustion reaction


  Something is burning and it releases a lot of heat energy
• Combustion reaction


  • Octane reacting with oxygen to produce carbon dioxide and water
  • Ethanol reacting with oxygen to produce carbon dioxide and water
• Combustion reaction


  • Hydrocarbon (molecule made of carbon and hydrogen) reacting with oxygen gas in air to produce carbon dioxide and water
  • Generates a lot of heat and gas molecules that expand at high temperature
• Synthesis/Combination reaction


  Combining two smaller things to make something larger
• Synthesis/Combination reactions


  • Magnesium reacting with oxygen to produce magnesium oxide
  • Magnesium oxide reacting with carbon dioxide to produce magnesium carbonate
• Decomposition reaction


  Taking something larger or complex and breaking it down into smaller components
• Decomposition reactions


  • Heating mercury oxide to produce liquid mercury and oxygen gas
  • Heating water to decompose it into hydrogen gas and oxygen gas
  • Heating calcium hydroxide to produce calcium oxide and water vapor
• Single replacement/displacement reaction


  An element reacts with a compound, replacing one of the elements in the compound
• Single replacement/displacement reactions


  • Zinc metal reacting with copper chloride solution to produce zinc chloride and copper metal
  • Bromine liquid reacting with sodium iodide solution to produce sodium bromide and solid iodine
  • Iron metal reacting with hydrochloric acid to produce iron chloride and hydrogen gas
• Double replacement/displacement reaction


  Two compounds react, exchanging ions to form two new compounds
• Double replacement/displacement reactions


  • Silver nitrate solution reacting with sodium chloride solution to produce silver chloride precipitate and sodium nitrate solution
  • Hydrochloric acid reacting with sodium hydroxide to produce sodium chloride and water (acid-base neutralization)
  • Sodium sulfide solution reacting with hydrochloric acid to produce sodium chloride solution and hydrogen sulfide gas (gas evolution)
• If two aqueous solutions are mixed and no solid, liquid or gas is produced, then no reaction has taken place
• Decomposition of hydrogen peroxide


  Hydrogen peroxide converts into hydrogen gas and oxygen gas
• Decomposition reaction


  Compound A-B breaks down into two smaller components
• Synthesis/Combination reaction


  Two smaller components combine to form a larger compound
• Single replacement reaction


  Element A replaces part of compound B-C to form A-C and B
• Double replacement reaction


  Compound A-B and compound C-D react to form A-D and C-B
• Types of double replacement reactions

  • Precipitation reaction (mixing aqueous solutions to form solid)
  • Acid-base neutralization reaction (acid + base -> salt + water)
  • Gas evolution reaction (mixing aqueous solutions to form gas)
• Combustion reaction


  Hydrocarbon + oxygen -> carbon dioxide + water
• Combustion reactions are also redox (reduction-oxidation) reactions
• Decomposition reactions that produce a pure element are redox reactions
• Synthesis/combination reactions that form a compound from pure elements are redox reactions
• Single replacement reactions are always redox reactions
• Double replacement reactions are never redox reactions