Impact of crime

• • Effect of crime = social (fear, social exclusion, and rehab) and economic (impact on businesses and/or victims)  
  • Crime heavily felt by perpetrators but others too; perpetrators, victims, and wider society 
  • End of essay – crime felt greater directly (everyone but WS) 


  Intro
• • Perpetrators impacted socially and economically  
  • Stigma around offender --> challenging to be employed 
  • Anomie felt therefore reoffending occurs to feel like they belong 
  • UK gov, reoffending rate from Jan to March 2022 = 25.5%  
  • 17% of ex-offenders manage to get a job within a year of release despite 3 out of 4 people being comfortable buying from businesses that employ them 


  Para 1 - Point
• • USA, New York Times states that around 60% of offenders unemployed a year later 
  • America, almost 44% of prisoners reoffend within a year  


  Para 1 - Int Comp
• • Impact not only on perpetrators, victims too economically because by experiencing crime --> miss work 
  • Following rape, victims lie 140 hours of work on average 


  Para 1 - Rebuttal
• • Victims affected by crime socially too 
  • After experiencing crime --> feeling = powerless and vulnerable  
  • Victims of rape, SA and hate crimes often deal with PTSD 
  • UK gov states 1 in 4 women and 1 in 20 men will be victim of rape or SA 
  • 2021-22, over 150,000 hate crimes recorded by police in England and Wales (all time high) 
  • They are associated with PTSD and other emotional responses 


  Para 2 - Point
• US, US National Comorbidity Survey Report estimates lifetime prevalence of PTSD among North Americans = 7.8% VS women who have been SA = 50% 


  Para 2 - Int Comp
• • However, individuals that are not directly involved in the crime also feel the repercussions of it due to economic cost to taxpayers  
  • Cost of crime around £700 million for Scottish taxpayer  


  Para 2 - Rebuttal
• • Crime has significant impact economically especially when against businesses and wider society  
  • Crime against businesses = disastrous because --> loss of available jobs therefore areas of high crime = bad rep 
  • Gov stats show costs of crimes against businesses in England and Wales was £9 billion in 2015-16 
  • Federation for small businesses show 49% of smaller businesses in E&W have experienced at least one business crime in the last two years 


  Para 3 - Point
• USA, study by Inter-American Development Bank estimates the direct annual cost of crime and violence in Latin America and the Carribean is at $261 billion or 3.55 of GDP – around the amount the region invests in infrastructure and 2x the average cost for developed countries 


  Para 3 - Int Comp
• • Individuals with direct connection to crime feel the social and economic impacts more, especially those in poverty 
  • Civitas shows those living in low-income areas with high crime levels are likely to face an increased fear of crime 
  • Poor more than 2x as likely to fear burglary and rape – 3x as likely to fear attacks, robbery, and car crime 


  Para 3 - Rebuttal