Digestive system

• What are the 5 levels of structual organisation in multicellular organisms?

  Cell, tissue, organ, organ system, organism.
• What are the four basic tissue types?

  Epithelial, connective, muscle, and nervous.
• What are the 3 basic muscle tissue types?

  Striated, cardiac, smooth
• What two muscle tissue types contract involuntary?

  Cardiac and Smooth muscle tissue
• Where is striated muscle tissue found?

  attached to skeleton
• Sensory neuron to the central nervous system inter neurons within CNS and motor neurons to effectors
• Other name for interneuron?

  Bipolar
• Other name foe Sensory neuron ?

  Unipolar
• Other name for Motor neuron?


  Multipolar
• Epithelial tissues are all the cells that what?


  Interface between the body and the external environment
• What does Epithelial tissue include?

  Epidermis

  Mucous membranes

  Lining of gastrointestinal tract

  Airways

  Exocrine glands

  Reproductive system
• connective tissues cells are seperated by what?

  An extracellular matrix
• What are two common types of connective tissue?

  Cartilage and blood
• extra cellular are not?

  made of cells
• An organ is a collection of different tissues that?


  peform a common function
• What tissue detects stimuli and transmits electrical signals?

  Nervous tissue
• What tissue compose of external and internal layers and assists in protection?

  Epithlial tissue
• Animals level of organistation?

  Smooth muscle cell

  smooth muscle tissue

  Bladder

  Urinary system

  Human
• Plant levels of organisation?

  Palisade cell

  photosynthetic tissue

  leaf

  vascular bundles as a system

  orange trees
• what is unicellular organisms?

  when one cell peforms all functions
• how many different major body systems are there?

  11
• water leaves through the roots in what tissue thats located in the centre of the root in a structure called vascular cylinder?

  xylem
• what vascular tissue in a plant carries sugars from the leaves to the roots?

  phloem
• Xylem is dead because when cells get lignified it kills cell, whats it structure?

  thick rigid pipes that run through the root
• phloem is directly above the xylon
• what breaks biomacromolecules into their subunits?

  chemical digestion
• what breaks food into smaller chunks of food?

  mechanical digestion
• for sufficient absorption enough what must be provided?

  surface area
• what catalyses chemical reactions?

  enzymes
• enzymes are very sensitive to what?

  ph and temperature
• word ending in 'ase' tells you its a? eg lipase

  enzyme
• proteins are broken into amino acida by enzymes called protease
• complex carbohydrates are broken into simple sugars by enzymes called amylases
• lipids are broken into fatty acids and glycerol by enzymes called lipases
• mouth is involved in chemical or mechanincal? by chewing and churning of food by tongue

  mechanical
• what is food ready to be swallowed called?

  bolus
• what does saliva contain that digests starch?

  salivary amylase
• mouth is involved in chemical or mechanincal? saliva contains water which moistens food, and mucus which makes it slippery

  chemical
• what does the oesophagus do? (peristaltic waves

  a smooth tube pushes the food to the stomach
• what is the main purpose in the stomach to mix food with?

  pepsin