Subcultures develop as the poor become professional criminals or gain social status through criminality which they cannot get through non-criminal means
Crime Control and Punishment Policy (CCPP):
CCPP is based on making society more equal i.e. increase policies to tackle poverty, better schooling, education in prison (Rehabilitation)
There is lots of evidence to show that by tackling poverty you can reduce criminality. Societies with good welfare imprison less people overall
Those societies with greater inequality (often based on capitalism) imprison the most people