Topic B - Understanding criminal behaviour, Causes

• Theories of crime - Sociological, ACES(1)

  in the US 90% of juvenile offenders have experienced childhood trauma (ACES)
• Theories of crime - sociological, ACEs (2)

  Amber Niven was killed and raped by her brother and 3 others in 2021, south Lanarkshire. both amber and her brother had many ACES.
• Theories of crime - sociological, ACEs (3)

  Welsh study found that having 4 or more ACEs makes you 14x more likely to be a victim of a crime, 15x more likely to be a perpetrator and 20x more likely to be imprisoned.
• Theories of Crime - Marx (1)

  Iceland is one of the safest countries in the world. this disproves Marx's idea that capitalism causes crime.
• Theories of Crime Marx (2)

  Cuba is a communist country, in 2021 people were rebelling against the govt as they were suffering from mass food shortages, medication shortages and long power outages. this caused people to riot and increased crime rates.
• Theories of crime- physiological (1)

  Joey Barton a footballer in 2007 assaulted a man and boy outside a McDonalds and only got 6 moths in jail, he has also been banned from matches due to illegal tackles and assaults. (Sheldon would argue that its is due to his body type and athletic status.)
• Theories of crime- physiological (2)

  Brock tuner in 2016 sexually assaulted a unconscious women, she was only jailed for 6 months. (Sheldon's judgement?)
• Theories of crime- Psychological (1)


  Joanne Dennehy is serving a whole life order for killing 3 men in a fortnight in 2013. she was later diagnosed with a psychopathic disorder.
• Theories of crime- physiological (2)

  psychopathy can not be a cause of crime as only 0.6% UK population are at risk of psychopathy.
• Theories of crime- Biological (1)

  FASD -> what is it -> 19x more likely to encounter the criminal justice system. 1 in 3 have FASD in Scotland (sociological too?).
• Theories of crime- Biological (2)

  Bradley Waldrop murder his Ex Wife's friend and attempted to murder his wife in an extremely violent way (2009) he had the MAO-A gene and got a lesser sentence. (he had multiple ACEs)
• Theories of crime - sociological, Merton (1)

  2011 London riots, come claimed the economy had failed, this effected the poorest. most offenders were aged 18-22 and were 30% of the unemployed -> caused strain due to lack of job opp
• Theories of Crime - Merton , sociological (2)


  French protesters experienced strain as the pension age went up. cause riots / crime rates to increase.