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• Hydro-meteorology


  A branch of meteorology and hydrology that studies the transfer of water and energy between the land surface and the lower atmosphere
• Hydro-meteorology


  • One of the most significant aspects involves predictions about and attempts to mitigate the effects of high precipitation events
  • A major component is mitigating the risk associated with flooding and other hydrological threats
• Hydro-meteorological Hazards


  • Typhoon
  • Thunderstorm
  • Flash flood
  • Storm Surge
  • El Niňo
  • La Niňa
• Typhoon


  A giant, rotating storm that brings wind, rain, and destruction. Hurricanes and typhoons are both kinds of tropical cyclones
• Thunderstorm


  A storm characterized by the presence of lightning and its acoustic effect on the Earth's atmosphere, known as thunder
• Flash flood


  A rapid flooding of low-lying areas: rivers, dry lakes and depressions
• Storm Surge


  A coastal flood or tsunami-like phenomenon of rising water commonly associated with low-pressure weather systems, such as cyclones
• El Niňo


  A climate pattern that describes the unusual warming of surface waters in the eastern tropical Pacific Ocean
• La Niňa


  The periodic cooling of the equatorial eastern and central Pacific ocean
• Effects of Hydro-meteorological Hazards

  • Injury and Death
  • Destruction of Properties
  • Heath Issues
  • Destruction of environment
  • Downfall of economy
• Fire


  A result chemical reaction between oxygen, combustible fuel, and heat
• Explosion


  An event where energy rapidly expands outward from its source
• Fire is considered one of the best inventions of man
• Fire is usually related to all the activities that we are doing in our everyday lives
• Sources of Fire Hazards

  • Ordinary Combustible Material
  • Flammable or Combustible Liquids
  • Electrical and Energized Electrical Equipment
  • Combustible Metals
• Identifying Sources of Fire Hazards

  1. Through the use of the Diamond System by National Fire Protection Association

  2. Ratings are used from 0-4 where 0 represents no hazard and 4 as the most severe hazard level

  3. Colours refer to a specific category of hazards
• White


  Special Information
• Mitigating Fire Hazards


  • Identify fire hazards in your area
  • Installing smoke detectors
  • Having fire extinguishers in your area
  • Hiring professionals for risk assessment
  • Having an evacuation plan
• Classifications of Fire Extinguisher

  • Class A, combustible carbon-based solids eg paper, wood or textiles (Water)
  • Class B, flammable liquids eg paraffin, petrol, diesel or oil (but not cooking oil) (Foam)
  • Class C, flammable gases, eg butane, propane or methane (Powder)
  • Class D, burning metals, eg aluminium, lithium or magnesium (Powder)
  • Fires caused by electrical equipment (indicated by an electric spark symbol and not the letter E) (Carbon Dioxide)
  • Class F, fats and cooking oils. (Wet Chemical)
• Philippine Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Act of 2010 (RA10121)


  An act that provides for the development of policies and plans and the implementation of actions and measures pertaining to all aspects of disaster risk reduction and management
• Disaster risk reduction and management

  1. Good governance

  2. Risk assessment

  3. Early warning

  4. Knowledge building

  5. Awareness raising

  6. Reducing underlying risk factors

  7. Increasing preparedness for effective response and early recovery
• RA10121 shifted the policy environment and the way the country deals with disasters from mere response to preparedness
• RA10121


  • Provides for a comprehensive all-hazard multi-sectoral inter-agency and community-based approach to disaster risk management
  • Promotes the development of capacities in disaster management at the individual organizational and institutional levels
  • Calls for the mainstreaming of disaster risk reduction in physical and land use planning, budget, infrastructure, education, health, environment and other sectors
  • Recognizes local risk patterns and trends and decentralization of resources and responsibilities
  • Encourages the participation of NGOs, private sectors, community-based organizations and community members in disaster management
• RA10121 provides for the formulation of a national disaster risk management framework and a national disaster risk management plan
• RA10121 provides for a calamity fund to be used in support of disaster risk reduction or mitigation, prevention and preparedness activities for the potential occurrence of disasters and not just for response, relief and rehabilitation efforts
• National Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Council (NDRRMC) composition

  • Secretary of the Department of National Defense as Chairperson
  • Secretary of the Department of the Interior and Local Government as Vice Chairperson for Disaster Preparedness
  • Secretary of the Department of Social Welfare and Development as Vice Chairperson for Disaster Response
  • Secretary of the Department of Science and Technology as Vice Chairperson for Disaster Prevention and Mitigation
  • Director General of the National Economic and Development Authority as Vice Chairperson for Disaster Rehabilitation and Recovery
• NDRRMC


  • Ensures multi-stakeholder participation in the development, updating and sharing of a disaster risk reduction and management information system and geographical information system-based national risk map as policy planning and decision-making tools
  • Develops appropriate risk transfer mechanisms that shall guarantee social and economic protection and increase resiliency in the face of disaster
• Office of Civil Defense (OCD)


  Has the primary mission of administering a comprehensive national civil defense and disaster risk reduction and management program by providing leadership in the continuous development of strategic and systematic approaches as well as measures to reduce the vulnerabilities and risks to hazards and manage the consequences of disasters
• Responsibilities of the OCD


  • Advises the NDRRMC on matters relating to disaster risk reduction and management consistent with the risks to hazards and manage the consequences of disasters
  • Identifies, assesses and prioritizes hazards and risks in consultation with key stakeholders
• Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Councils

  • Regional Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Council
  • Local Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Councils at the provincial, city and municipal levels
  • Barangay Development Council at the barangay level
• Local Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Councils (LDRMCs)


  • Composed of multi-sectoral and multi-agency members
  • Oversee the implementation of the local DRRM plans formulated by local DRRM offices
• Local DRRM Offices


  Sets the direction, development, implementation and coordination of DRRM programs and activities within their territorial jurisdictions
• Integration of disaster risk reduction education

  Into the school curricula of secondary and tertiary level of education, including the national service training program (NSTP), whether private or public, including formal and non-formal technical vocational, indigenous learning and out-of-school youth courses and programs
• The declaration of a state of calamity shall make mandatory the immediate undertaking of certain remedial measures by the member agencies concerned under the Price Act
• The President, upon the recommendation of implementing agencies, may impose price ceiling on basic necessities and prime commodities during a state of calamity
• The programming and reprogramming of funds for the repair and safety of public infrastructures and facilities and granting of no interest loans by government financing or lending institutions to the most affected section of the population through cooperatives and people's organizations are also mandated during a state of calamity
• Emergency plan


  A series of procedures for handling sudden or unexpected situations
• Objective of an emergency plan

  • Prevent fatalities and injuries
  • Reduce damage to buildings, stock, and equipment
  • Protect the environment and the community
• Steps on How to Write an Emergency Plan


  1. Put together a plan by discussing four questions with your family, friends, or household to start your emergency plan

  2. Consider specific needs in your household

  3. Fill-out a Family Emergency Plan

  4. Practice your plan with your family/household
• Four questions to start an emergency plan

  • How will I receive emergency alerts and warnings?
  • What is my shelter plan?
  • What is my evacuation route?
  • What is my family/household communication plan?