B3

Created by

Alice Cottrill

Cards (71)

what is the structure of the nervous system
brain, spinal cord, nerves
what is the CNS
central nervous system; brain and spinal cord
what is a sensory motor 
the nerve that allows for movement
what are relay neurons 
These connect the sensory neurons to the motor or other relay neurons. They have short dendrites and short axons
what are sensory receptors
sensory neurons or cells that are able to respond to environmental stimuli
what are synapses 
gaps between neurons
what are effectors 
All your muscles and glands, which respond to nervous impulses
what are motor neurons 
neurons that carry outgoing information from the brain and spinal cord to the muscles and glands
how do components of the nervous system produce coordinated responses
it goes to all parts of the body, has many links, has different sensory receptors
what is a reflex arc
Involuntary response to an external stimulus. Direct connection between sensory and motor neuron without connection to brain
how does a reflex arc work
When painful stimuli is felt, the nerves quick reflex sends signal to spinal cord and back to muscles to pull away from the stimuli
what is the cornea
the transparent layer forming the front of the eye
how does the cornea work
refracts light through the lens below it
what is the iris
Colored part of the eye
how does the iris work
It's made of muscles that contract or relax to control the amount of light reaching the retina
what is the pupil 
The hole in the centre where light enters
what is the lense 
focuses light onto the back of the eye
what is the retina
the light-sensitive inner surface of the eye, containing the receptor rods and cones plus layers of neurons that begin the processing of visual information
what is the optic nerve
Carries impulses from the receptors on the retina to the brain
what is the ciliary body
suspensory ligaments+ciliary muscle
what are the suspensory ligaments 
Ligaments that attach the breast to underlying muscle
how does colour blindness work
one cone cell type doesn't function properly, which means that people with color vision deficiency cannot see the full visible spectrum, and instead see many colors the same
what is short sightedness
struggles to see far away
what is long sightedness
Can't focus on near objects
how do you fix short sightedness
concave lens
how do you fix long sightedness
convex lens
what is the cerebrum 
The cerebrum is the part of the brain that controls memory, senses, consciousness, and reasoning
what is the cerebellum
At the back, responsible for muscle contraction & balance
what is the medulla 
the base of the brainstem; controls heartbeat and breathing
what is the hypothalamus
controls homeostasis and pituitary gland
what is homeostasis 
Maintaining a stable internal environment
what is the pituitary gland 
It is the master gland. It produces many hormones that regulate homeostasis e.g ADH, FSH
why is it difficult to investigate brain function 
Lots of different areas work together and getting people to volunteer
what are the limitations of treating damage and diseases in the brain and nervous system
-limited ability to repair nervous tissue
-irreversible damage to the surrounding tissues
-difficulties with accessing parts of the nervous system
what is oestrogen 
Female hormone produced by the ovaries
what does oestrogen do 
It causes the lining of the uterus to thicken and grow
what is progesterone 
pregnancy hormone
how does progesterone work
Progesterone shuts off LH formation; which is involved in the egg release
what is FSH 
follicle-stimulating hormone
what does FSH do 
Stimulates development of the follicle in the ovaries