muscular

• 4 quadriceps are rectus femoris, vastus intermedius, vastus lateralis, and vastus medialis
• 3 hamstrings are bicep femoris, semimembranosis, semitendinosus
• 3 glutes are gluteus maximus, medius, minimus
• 3 deltoids are anterior, middle, posterior
• 3 adductors are longus, brevis, magnus
• isotonic creates movement
• isometric prevents movement
• concentric the muscle shortens and the bone lengthens
• eccentric the muscle lengthens as the muscle is stretched beyond its normal length
• agonist is in control of the movement of the joint
• antagonist is a muscle that opposes the action of a muscle
• fixator will prevent unwanted movement
• downwards phase rule is movement against a resistance, agonist becomes eccentric and antagonist becomes concentric
• agonist is usually concentric, in control and shortening
• antagonist is usually eccentric, allows movement and lengthening
• Type 1 slow oxidative muscle fibres, long duration, low intensity. example is running a marathon
• Type 2A fast oxidative muscle fibres, medium duration and intensity
• fixator is isometric, prevents unwanted movement
• contraction time - speed at which the muscle fibres contract
• resistance to fatigue - how quickly the muscle fibres get tired
• mitochondria - provides energy to muscle cells using oxygen
• capillaries - small blood vessels located close to tissues, contains blood which carries oxygen and nutrients
• oxidative capacity - indicates muscles capacity to use oxygen when working and is linked to number of capillaries and mitochondria available
• glycolytic capacity - glycogen are stored in form of glucose and carbohydrates, if high capacity the muscle is able to contract without oxygen being present
• triglycerides - fat molecules, require lots of oxygen to be used as an energy source
• STN increased muscle soreness
• STN high intensity activities can leave you fatigued
• STN energy stores and myoglobin levels are depleted
• LTP increased thickness of each muscle fibre, hypertrophy, improving strength and contractile speed
• LTP increased number of muscle fibres
• STP increase blood flow to working muscles
• STP increae muscle temp
• STP increased ROM and pliable
• STP increase hormone production
• LTP hyperplasia - force of contraction
• LTP capillarisation - increaed number of capillaries
• LTP increased mitochondrial density
• LTN overuse injuries, fascitis
• LTN imflammation of muscle sheath
• LTN microtraumas, small tears in fibres