pe finals

• Ace


  A serve that results directly in a point without further action by players on the serving team
• Antenna


  • Vertical rods along the outside edge of the net extending 32 inches above the net to indicate out-of-bounds along the sideline
  • Any ball that touches the antenna is considered out
• Assist


  Passing or setting the ball to a teammate who attacks the ball for a kill
• Attack


  A broad term that can mean many different things, but at a high level it describes the offensive scheme or pattern with which a team attempts to score a point, and at a lower level it refers to the attempt by a player to score a point by hitting the ball
• Attack Attempt


  The attempt by a player to terminate a play by hitting the ball to the floor on the opposite's side
• Back Set


  A set made when the player who is setting the ball has their back toward the hitter
• Back Row Attack


  A play involving a back row player attacking the ball
• Block


  The first line of defense where one or more players successfully terminate a rally of a play in their favor, stop the ball from traveling over the net
• Blocking Error


  A violation consisting of touching the net, crossing the center line blocking a set, or any other violation which occurs while making a block attempt
• Center Line


  The boundary that runs under the net and divides the court into two equal playing areas
• Court Dimension


  59 feet from end line to end line, and 29 feet, 6 inches wide (18mx9m)
• Defensive Specialist 


  The position of a team which is responsible for digging and passing the ball in the back row
• Dig


  The act of successfully receiving a ball, almost always referring to recovering an attacked ball close to the court floor
• Down-Referee


  Secondary referee who stands on the floor at the opposite end of the net as the up-referee
• FIVB/IVBF - Federation international de Volleyball/International Volleyball Federation
• Floater


  A serve with no spin that follows an unpredictable path
• Focus


  To concentrate attention or effort, to direct toward a common center or objective
• Foot Fault


  The illegal act of placing a foot on, or inside the end line prior to the serve
• Forearms Pass


  Contacting the ball with the forearms in order to deliver the ball to the setter in an underhanded manner
• Foul


  A violation of the rules that was called by a referee
• Free Ball


  A ball delivered over the net to the opposing team in a non-threatening manner because the ball was hit more like a pass, rather than a spike
• Held Ball (carry)


  A ball that comes to rest for more than the maximum allowable time during contact resulting in a foul
• Hit


  To offensively strike the ball in an effort to terminate the rally for a side out or point
• Jump Serve


  A serve where the server tosses the ball up and makes contact with it as it falls by jumping up in the air, resulting in a served ball with more power, arc, and spin
• Kill


  A successful attack that terminates a play or rally resulting in an immediate point or side out by the team making the kill
• Let Serve


  A legal serve attempt where the ball makes contact with the net while still managing to go over the serve receiving team's side of the court
• Libero


  A player who can be substituted into a game freely in the back row for defensive purposes, prohibited from serving or attacking the ball
• Line Shot


  A hit attempt where the ball is directed along an opponent's sidelines closest to the hitter and usually outside the block
• Line Judge


  Official located at the corners of the court, responsible for ruling if the ball is legally in play along the lines for which they are responsible
• Mintonette - The original name for the sport of volleyball given by founder William Morgan
• Overhead Pass


  A ball-handling skill using both hands simultaneously to contact the ball above the head, and direct it to the intended target
• Pass


  The act of receiving and delivering the ball to the setter, considered the most important fundamental element of volleyball
• Body Position


  The flexed, yet comfortable posture which a player assumes before moving to the point of contact
• Red Card


  A more severe sanction given by the up referee
• Rally Point Score (RPS)


  Every play results in a point regardless of who served the ball
• Rotation


  The collective clockwise movement of players on a team around their side of the court following a side out, determining the identity of the server
• Screening


  The illegal act of obstructing the view of the opposing teams by preventing them from visually seeing the server, with players on the server's team at the time of the serve
• Serve


  The act by one player to put the ball into play, with the serving player located in a designated area behind the back line
• Setter (S)


  The position on a team considered the leader and "quarterback", normally responsible for delivering the ball to one of the other players for an attack attempt
• Sideout


  In the sideout scoring system, the situation where a play ends in the serve receiving team's favor, so that they earn the right to serve the next play