ATP

• ATP stands for Adenosine Triphosphate
• What is the primary role of ATP in cells?

  To provide energy for cellular processes
• Describe the structure of ATP

  • an adenine base
  • a ribose sugar
  • three phosphate groups
• How is energy released from ATP?

  Energy is released when the bond between the second and third phosphate group is broken, forming ADP (Adenosine Diphosphate) and an inorganic phosphate (Pi)
• Write the equation for the hydrolysis of ATP

  $ATP +$$H_2O → ADP +$$P_i +$$energy$
• What is phosphorylation?


  The process of adding a phosphate group to a molecule, such as ADP to form ATP
• What is the role of ATP in synthesis reactions?

  ATP supplies the energy required for the synthesis of macromolecules like proteins and nucleic acids
• What is ATP synthase?


  An enzyme that creates ATP from ADP and Pi during oxidative phosphorylation and photophosphorylation
• How does ATP function in muscle contraction?

  ATP provides energy for the interaction of actin and myosin filaments during muscle contraction
• What enzyme catalyzes the hydrolysis of ATP?

  ATP hydrolase