Prelim

• French: art - It is a skill as a result of learning or practice.
• Meaning and Importance of Art Appreciation

  •Art is a subject under the humanities

  •Art is subjective

  •Different authors/writers define art in various ways

  •Due to multicultural settings, and the meaning of art changed throughout history.
• Subject refers to the visual focus or the image that may be extracted from examining the artwork.
• Content refers to the meaning that is communicated by the artist or the artwork.
• Form refers to the development and configuration of the artwork on how the elements and the medium are put together.
• Remember: the subject is seen as “what”,

  content is “why”, and the form is “how”
• Medium

  •Means by which an artist communicates his ideas

  •Materials used by an artist to interpret his feelings/thoughts

  •Very essential in arts
• Imagination is not constrained by the walls of the norm, but goes beyond that.
• Categories of Art

  
  

  Visual Arts

  • Painting
  • Sculpture
  • Architecture

  Performing/Combined Arts

  • Music
  • Dance
  • Film Theatre
  • Literary
  • Performance Poetry

  Digital Arts - It is the art that is made with the assistance of electronic devices or intended to be displayed on a computer.

  
  

  Applied Arts

  • Fashion Design
  • Furniture Design
  • Interior Design
  • Graphic Design
• Assumptions of Art

  • Art is universal.
  • Art is not nature.
  • Art involves experience.
• Functions of Art

  1. Aesthetic (beauty of a figurative figure/materials)
  2. Historical (portrayal of the past events, heroes and etc.)
  3. Personal (public display or expression)
  4. Physical (utilitarian)
  5. Religious (portrayal of worship to God)
  6. Social (relate to celebration or collective behavior)
• Art as an Imitation - For Plato, when one describes beauty to another person, he refers to an imperfect beauty that participates only in the form of  beauty in the World of Forms.
• Art as a Representation - Aristotle considered art as an aid to philosophy in revealing truth. It allows for the experience of pleasure. Art also has an ability to be instructive and teach its audience things about life; thus, it is cognitive as well.
• Art as a Communication of Emotion - Art plays a huge role in communication to its audience’s emotions that the artist previously experienced.
• Art for Art’s Sake - Artists associated with aestheticism believes that art needs no justification. Art does not have to be didactic or political to have social impact.
• Line - A basic element of Geometry, refers to an interval between two points and claimed it could be extended indefinitely in either direction. It is the foundation of all drawing.
• Shapes - It is the result from the coming together of lines enclosing an area and separating it form its surroundings . On the other hand, form has three dimensions such as height, width, and depth.
• Two categories of shape

  1. Geometric
  2. Organic
• Space - It is related to shape and form; it is usually inferred from a sense of depth.
• Texture - As an element, texture can be defined as how the surface of the material feels and looks like.
• Perspectives - It can be a technique of depicting volumes and spatial relationships on a flat surface. 
• Form - The form of a work is its shapes, volume or perceived volume, width and height.
• Hue - This dimension of color gives name.

  Subdivided into:

  • Primary Colors - Red, Yellow, Blue
  • Secondary Colors - Green, Orange, Violet
  • Tertiary Colors - Mixed Colors
• Value - This refers to the brightness or darkness of color.

  • Light Colors – taken as the source of light in the composition.
  • Dark Colors - the lack or even absence of light.
• Monochromatic - It is the use the variations of a hue.
• Complementary - This involves 2 colors opposite each other in the color wheel.
• Analogous - It makes use of 2 colors beside each other in the color wheel.
• Vertical Lines - It connote elevation or height which is usually taken to mean exaltation or aspiration for action.
• Diagonal Lines - These convey movement and instability although the progression can be seen
• Rhythm - The tones and silences of varying durations moving through time
• Dynamics - This refers to the loudness or softness of a sound
• Auditory Arts - These mediums which can be heard and are expressed in time.
• Melody - It is the pitch added to the rhythm such as tune, air, theme, motif, and melodic line.
• Harmony - The simultaneous sounding of tones.
• Melody is the horizontal aspect while harmony the vertical side.
• Timbre - This refers to the quality which enables us to distinguish one sound from another
• Balance - This refers to the distribution of the visual elements in view of their placement in relation to each other. In art, the sense of stability achieved through the weight of an object.

  • Symmetrical – one side or reflected to the other and offers the most stable visual sense to any artwork.
  • Asymmetrical – are not the same, putting the heaviness on one side.
  • Radial – there is a central point in the composition, around which elements and objects are distributed.
• Contrast - Is the disparity between the elements that figure into the composition and there is a large difference between two things to create interest and tension.
• Emphasis - Allows the attention of the viewer to a focal points accentuating or drawing attention to these elements or objects. This catches the viewer’s attention and usually the artist will make one area stand out by contrasting it with other areas.
• Variety - This principle aims to retain the interest by allowing patches or areas that both excite and allow the eye to rest.