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Geography
Coastal Processes
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Created by
Jake Hughes
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Cards (31)
Mechanical
weathering
natural
weather events cause rocks to
break down
Freeze Thaw
(
Mechanical
Weathering)
water in
cracks
freezes, causing rock to
expand
and exerts
pressure
Pressure Release
(
Mechanical
Weathering)
top rocks are
eroded
causing bottom rocks to
expand
and
fracture
Thermal Expansion
(
Mechanical
Weathering)
heat
causes rock to expand and contracts when
cooled.
Frequent
changes causes cracks
Salt Crystalisation
(
Mechanical
Weathering)
Salt solution
seeps
into rock which forms
crystals
causing rock to
disintergrate
Chemical
weathering
rock
breaks down
due to
chemical
reactions
what are 3 examples of
chemical
weathering?
oxydisation
solution
carbonation
Biological
weathering
rock erodes due to
plants
and
animals
How do
tree root
break down rock? (
Biological
Weathering)
tree roots
grow into
cracks
in the rock and exerts
pressure
How do
organic acids
break down rock? (
Biological
Weathering)
Plant
and
animal litter
cause
soil
to become
acidic
which reacts with the minerals in the rock
Mass Movement
forces
act on materials on a
slope
causing them to
fall
Rock Fall
(
Mass
Movement)
weathering
causes
cliff
rocks to detatch amd fall to the
foot
of the cliff
Rock Slides
(
Mass
Movement)
undercutting
by
waves
remove
support
Erosion
(
Marine
Processes)
breaking waves are able to
erode
at a
coastline
Abrasion
(
Marine
Erosion)
waves
throw
rocks at
cliffs
Attrition
(
Marine
Erosion)
rocks
collide
when being
transported
Hydraulic action
(
Marine
Erosion)
air
trapped in rocks and
expands
Pounding
(
Marine
Erosion)
breaking waves exert
pressure
on rocks
Solution
(
Marine
Erosion)
water
disolves
minerials in the rocks
Transport
(
Marine
Processes)
waves move
sediment
Solution
(
Marine
Transport)
sediment
disolves
Suspention
(
Marine
Transport)
small
sediment
carried by
current
Saltation
(
Marine
Transport)
heavy
sediment gets
carried
and then dropped...
repeats
Traction
(
Marine
Transport)
large
sediment
rolls
along the
seafloor
Marine
deposition when?
... loss of
energy
... no moving
water
at the
top
of the
swash
... low
energy
environments
Erosion
(
Fluvial
Processes)
similar to
waves
but includes
weathering
and
mass
movement
Transport
(
Fluvial
Processes)
Same as
waves
Deposition
(
Fluvial
Processes)
as river enters the
sea
it loses
volacity
and
energy.
Also, when clay particles meet sea water
flocculation
occurs, causing it to sink.
Erosion
(
Aeolian
Processes)
sand gets picked up by
wind
and moved away.
Dry
sand is easier to erode than wet.
Transport
(
Aeolian
Processes)
wind
carries sand by
saltation
or
traction
Deposition
(
Aeolian
Processes)
when wind speed falls due to surface
friction
and deposits
sediment.
This occurs
inland
due to
vegetation.