Liquids

• breaking IMF requires energy
• The process of vaporization is endothermic (heat from surroundings is transferred to a system)
• Exerted when molecules of liquid are in the vapor state. Vapor pressure
• The pressure exerted by a vapor over a liquid in a closed container when the rate of evaporation is equal to the rate of condensation. equilibrium vapor pressure
• Strong IMF have low VP, high BP and low rate of evaporation
• Weak IMF have high VP, low BP, and high evaporation rate
• Endo thermic applies energy, from ordered molecules to less ordered molecules
• Exo thermic releases energy, from less ordered molecules, to ordered molecules
• Energy required to break the surface. surface tension
• IMF that bind similar molecules to each other. Cohesive forces
• IMF that bind a substance to a surface. Adhesive forces
• Attraction of water to glass tube forms a concave meniscus