Gr.12 UCSP

• In-group

  Involves interaction among members who have an emotional investment or attachment in one another and in a situation
• Social Network

  A sociological concept for a set of social relations between network elements that interact, and which are individuals
• Aggregate

  Different from a group, in the sense that people are temporarily together in a space, maybe even doing the same things, but do not identify them as belonging together
• Rules governing types of marriage

  • Monogamy
  • Polygamy
  • Endogamy
  • Group
• Affinal kin

  People related to you by virtue of marriage bond, such as husband, wife and in-laws
• Inferences that can be drawn about kinship

  • Kinship may be outlined through generations
  • Kinship binds the people by blood, marriage and ritual
  • Kinship can be traced through the descent of family line
  • Kinship could be a part of political affairs through the family membership
• Compadrazgo

  A religious rite of sponsorship in church ceremonies
• Nuclear family

  Jessa is married to Kenshin. They have son and a daughter
• Monogamous marriage

  • Jun married his long-term girlfriend, Jen
• Endogamy

  Where the spouse is chosen from within the same community or group
• Democracy

  A government where its legitimate power resides on the majority. Governing and lawfully answerable to the people
• Constitutionalism

  The legitimacy of political authority accepted by the people because their rights and privileges are protected by the written laws
• Anarchy

  When the state advocates domination and repression, no matter who is in control of it
• Politics

  Activities through which people make, preserve, and amend the general rules under which they live
• Power

  The ability to do something in order to achieve a desired outcome
• Authority

  Legitimate power, where the person who has authority has the right to exercise power
• Political units

  • Band
  • Chiefdom
  • State
  • Nation
• State

  A political unit that has sovereignty- the legitimate power and authority of the state, over an area of territory and the people within it
• Classless state

  The primary function is to repress the lower classes of society in the interests of the ruling class. There will be no further need for such a repressive institution; with the disappearance of classes
• Pluralism

  The liberal democracies power is should not be held by a single elite or group of elites. It assumes that diversity is beneficial to society and that autonomy should be enjoyed by disparate functional or cultural groups within a society
• Anarchy

  This organization brings about violence, unhappiness, and oppression; they believe peace can be achieved by eliminating the position of power and leadership from their society
• Types of authority

  • Charismatic
  • Traditional
  • Legal
  • Rational
• Rational authority

  Authority and power are exercised based on laws. As such, the law and the judiciary are seen as the highest forms of power in society
• Charismatic authority

  More dependent on personality than status. It is not limited by rules but is more controlled by the authority figure's intentions. It can inspire devotion and total control of power
• Types of economic exchange

  • Reciprocity
  • Transaction
  • Transfer
  • Market & State
• Reciprocity

  Could take the form of barter, hospitality, gift-giving, and sharing. The aim is to build and strengthen social relationships as well as acquire more means or favors
• Transaction

  In a market exchange, at least two people should be involved: one who has a product and another who has the money. Using a system of bargaining, the two individuals agree upon a specific price for a specific quantity of the product
• Transfer

  Among the different allocations, governments usually give priority to retirement and disability benefits, medical benefits, unemployment insurance, and education and training