environment chem

• Reduce acid rain

  1. Catalytic converter in vehicles - purify exhaust fumes

  2. Reduce sulfur dioxide emissions, use low-sulfur gas/fuel

  3. Desulfurise flue gas by spray calcium oxide, neutralises SO2
• Reduce climate change

  1. Plant tree - photosyn remove co2

  2. Reduce livestock farm - less methane emit

  3. Renewable e - less fossil fuel, co2
• NPK

  • Make ammonium salt (ammonia + acid)
  • Nitrate (nitric acid + base)
• Air composition

  • 78% N
  • 21% O
  • 1% CO2
  • Other - argon, noble gas
• Emission from combustion of carbon-containing fuel

  • Complete combustion -> co2 + water - co2 lvl, global warm
  • Incomplete combustion -> carbon monoxide - toxic. + particulate - respiratory cancer
  • Combustion of sulfur-compound fuel (fossil fuel) -> so2 - acid rain (mix with cloud make dilute sulfuric acid)
• Acid rain

  Kill tree, dmg buildings, corrode metal
• Emission from decomposition vegetation + digestion waste gas animals

  • Methane - global warm
• Nitrogen oxides

  1. Internal combustion engine - high energy in air, nitrogen + oxy -> nitrogen oxide

  2. + water -> nitric acid rain, photochemical smog, respiratory problems

  3. Catalytic converter: reduce nitrogen oxides to less harmful gas. NO -> N2 + O2

  4. 2CO + 2NO -> CO2 + N2
• Greenhouse gas

  • Earth surface absorb, reflect, re-emit sun's energy emissions
  • Gas - "insulating layer", less thermal E lost to space
  • Increase temperature earth surface