Geography - population

• dense population

  1-what is it

  2-examples

  1- when the population is high, many people living there compared to size

  2- stable goverment

  -fair pay

  -flat land
• sparse population

  1- what is it

  2- examples

  1- if a population is sparse, there are few people living there

  2- war and conflict in that area

  -corrupt goverment

  -steep land
• population growth

  birth rate

  1- what is it?

  1- how many people are born in a place (to 1000)
• population growth

  death rate

  1- what is it?

  1- the amount of deaths in a place (to 1000)
• population growth

  infant mortality

  1- what is it?

  1- how many children die (to 1000)
• population growth

  life expectancy

  1- what is it?

  1- how long people live for (average age)
• population growth

  fertility

  1- what is it?

  1- how many children a woman has
• population is the sum of ...

  birth rate and death rate
• impacts of the industrial revolution on population growth

  due to an increase in production, more products are sold meaning that taxes are paid to the goverment. Government gets paid to provide better services (increase in life expectancy)
• describing graphs

  (population graph)

  1- always use figures

  2- has it increased/decreased

  3- gradual/rapid/fluctuate
• democracy is...


  taxes are spent on services
• Ageing population

  state 1 pro

  state 1 con

  1 pro- the elderly can assist in taking care of their grandchildren allowing their own children to work

  1 con- more facilities and services have to be built to assist the aged.
• youthful population

  state

  1 pro-

  1 con-

  1 pro- due to a larger population more taxes are being payed to the goverment allowing a better quality of life and services

  1 con- high unemployment as jobs cannot keep up with the large population
• HIC (high income country)

  state 1 example of

  1- is the birth rate high/low

  2- example of why the birth rate is high/low

  HIC

  1- low birth rate

  2- people have more access to education and are therefore choosing career over family
• HIC

  state 1 example of

  1- is the death rate high/low

  2- example of why the death rate is high/low

  HIC

  1- low death rate

  2- high income countries have little to no poverty, as the country is more wealthy, the government provides more access to healthcare
• LIC

  state 1 example of

  1- is the birth rate low/high

  2- example of why the birth rate is high/low

  1- high birth rates

  2- women in LIC may have more children as they want their children to provide a greater income for their family
• LIC

  state 1 example of

  1- is the death rate low/high

  2- example of why the death rate is high/low

  1- high death rate

  2- due to a potentially corrupt government, there are no taxes to provide healthcare and services for the people
• the demographic transition model

  stage 1- (population changes overtime as economy improves)

  1- is birth rate high/low

  2- is death rate high/low

  3- total population is high/low


  1- birth rate is high (no access to work/education)

  2- death rate is high (no access to healthcare)

  3- total population is low
• stage 2

  1- birth rate is high/low

  2- death rate is high/low

  1- birth rate still high (many children needed for farming)

  2- death rate rapidly decreasing (improvements in sanitation)

  3- increasing overall population
• stage 3

  1- birth rate is high/low

  2- death rate is high/low

  3- overall populaiton

  1- high but falling (improved diet)

  2- low and falling more slowly (improved water supply)

  3- increasing overall population
• stage 4

  1- birth rate is high/low

  2- death rate is high/low

  3- overall populaiton

  1- birth rate is low (good health)

  2- death rate is low (reliable food supply)

  3- overall population is low and stable
• stage 5

  1- birth rate is high/low

  2- death rate is high/low

  3- overall populaiton

  1- birth rates very low (later marriges)

  2- death rates low (good health care)

  3- overall population slight decline
• The LIC and HIC pyramid
• china one child policy

  1- what is it

  1- china limited each couple to only 1 child
• china one child policy

  state

  1- advantage

  2- disadvantage

  1- starvation decreased jobs, houses and services improved

  2- people valued males more than females
• why was the policy introduced?

  -due to very high population in china (over-populated)

  -starvation was at a rise, just under 1 billion (in 1970s)

  -high water and air pollution from industry
• describe 1 example of the ageing population

  -majority of the population are over 60

  -high life expectancy/low birth rates
• describe 1 example of the youthful population

  -majority of the population under 15

  -high birth rates/low life expectancy
• World population decline

  what is the percentage of women with no children

  35% fertility rates on a rapid decline

  (future population pyramid)