Science Q4 Chem rxn

• Chemical reaction

  A process in which the properties of the original substance change into a new substance with different physical and chemical properties
• Evidences of chemical change

  • Change of color
  • Formation of gas
  • Temperature change
  • Change in smell
  • Formation of precipitate
• Reactant


  Substances that enter a chemical reaction
• Product


  Substances produced in a chemical reaction
• Matter is neither created nor destroyed. In any chemical reaction, the total mass of reactants must be equal to the total mass of the products.
• Balancing a chemical equation

  Determine coefficients and subscripts to ensure equal number of atoms on both sides
• Pressure (P)


  One of the four properties used to describe gases
• Volume (V)


  One of the four properties used to describe gases
• Temperature (T)


  One of the four properties used to describe gases
• Amount (n)


  One of the four properties used to describe gases
• Temperature conversion


  1. Celsius to Fahrenheit

  2. Fahrenheit to Celsius

  3. Celsius to Kelvin
• Boyle's Law

  Volume is inversely proportional to pressure
• Robert Boyle


  1627-1691
• Boyle's Law Experiment

  1. P1V1 = P2V2

  2. P1 - Initial Pressure

  3. V1 - Initial Volume

  4. P2 - Final Pressure

  5. V2 - Final Volume
• Boyle's Law Calculation

  • P1V1 = P2V2
• Synthesis RXN


  Occurs when two or more substances (reactants) combine and form a compound (product).

  
• Decomposition RXN


  Occurs when a single compound breaks down into two or more simpler products.

  
• Single-replacement RXN


  One element replaces another element in a compound

  
• Double-replacement RXN


  This involves exchanging of ions to form new compounds.

  
• Combustion RXN


  when oxygencombines with a highly flammable compound with the application of heat to produce water, carbon dioxide, and heat.

  
• Identify which RXN

  Na3 (PO4) + 3 KOH = 3 NaOH + K3 (PO4)

  Double-replacement
• CaCO3 = CaO + CO2

  Decomposition
• P4 + 3 O2 = 2 P2O3

  Synthesis
• Pb + Fe(SO4) = Pb(SO4) + Fe

  Single-replacement
• SeCl6 + O2 = SeO2 + 3Cl2

  Single-replacement
• 2 MgI2 + Mn(SO3)2 = 2 Mg(SO3) + MnI4

  Double-replacement
• O3 = O. + O2

  Decomposition
• C3H6O + 4 O2 = 3 CO2 + 3 H2O

  Combustion
• C6H12 + 9 O2 = 6 CO2 + 6 H2O

  Combustion
• 2 RbNO3 + BeF2  Be(NO3)2 + 2 RbF

  double displacement