Abnormal Psychology

• Anxiety disorders


  Characterized by the presence of persistent worry and fear, unlike mood disorders
• Anxiety disorders


  Psychological disorders characterized by excessive fear, worry, and anxiety
• Panic disorder


  Psychological disorder characterized by recurrent, unexpected panic attacks
• PTSD


  Characterized by specific traumatic experiences, while panic disorder is not tied to any specific events
• Specific phobias


  Intense fear and avoidance of specific objects or situations
• Separation anxiety disorder


  Excessive fear of being separated from attachment figures
• Panic disorder


  Characterized by intense fear of open spaces and crowded places, leading to avoidance
• Agoraphobia


  Marked by recurrent, unexpected panic attacks
• Trauma and stressor-related disorders

  • Onset of symptoms after a traumatic event
• Trauma and stressor-related disorders

  • Acute Stress Disorder
• Trauma and stressor-related disorders


  Involve changes in identity, while dissociative disorders do not
• Re-experiencing


  Repeated reliving of a traumatic event through intrusive memories, nightmares, or flashbacks
• Trauma and stressor-related disorders

  • Symptoms triggered by exposure to a traumatic event
• Trauma and stressor-related disorders

  Share symptoms with mood disorders like depression, such as anhedonia
• Trauma and stressor-related disorders

  May co-occur with substance use disorder due to shared risk factors
• Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD)


  Involves repetitive behaviors, which is not a defining characteristic of trauma and stressor-related disorders
• Trauma and stressor-related disorders

  Involve intrusive thoughts and avoidance behaviors, which is a key difference from obsessive-compulsive and related disorders
• Panic Disorder


  Characterized by recurrent episodes of intense fear or discomfort, often accompanied by physical symptoms
• Depersonalization


  Feeling detached from one's own body or experiencing the world as unreal or dreamlike
• Trauma and stressor-related disorders

  Result from exposure to a traumatic event, which differentiates them from personality disorders
• Paranoid Personality Disorder


  Characterized by marked and persistent distrust and suspicion of others, often leading to interpersonal conflicts
• Dissociation


  A common symptom in both trauma and stressor-related disorders and dissociative disorders
• Psychological disorders


  • Borderline Personality Disorder
• Anxiety disorders


  Characterized by the presence of persistent worry and fear, unlike mood disorders
• Avoidance


  A common feature in trauma and stressor-related disorders where individuals intentionally avoid reminders of a traumatic event and experience emotional numbing
• Anxiety disorders


  Involve intense fear and avoidance of specific objects or situations
• Bipolar disorder


  Primarily involves mood swings between mania and depression
• PTSD is characterized by specific traumatic experiences, while panic disorder is not tied to any specific events
• Specific phobias


  Involve intense fear and avoidance of specific objects or situations
• Separation anxiety disorder


  Primarily involves excessive fear of being separated from attachment figures
• Panic disorder


  Characterized by intense fear of open spaces and crowded places, leading to avoidance
• Agoraphobia


  Marked by recurrent, unexpected panic attacks
• Trauma and stressor-related disorders

  • Onset of symptoms after a traumatic event
• Trauma and stressor-related disorders

  • Acute Stress Disorder
• Dissociative disorders


  Involve memory loss
• Trauma and stressor-related disorders

  Involve repeated reliving of a traumatic event through intrusive memories, nightmares, or flashbacks (re-experiencing)
• Trauma and stressor-related disorders

  • Symptoms triggered by exposure to a traumatic event
• Anhedonia is a common symptom in both trauma and stressor-related disorders and mood disorders like depression
• Substance Use Disorder may co-occur with trauma and stressor-related disorders due to shared risk factors
• Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD)


  Characterized by repetitive, intrusive thoughts, and behaviors, such as counting, checking, or handwashing