DRRR Finals

• DISASTER RISK

  The probability that a hazard would hit a

  vulnerable community would result in loss of

  lives and physical damage.
• VULNERABILITY - The conditions determined by physical, social, economic, and environmental factors or processes which increase the susceptibility of a community to the impact of hazards.
• HAZARD - A natural or man-made event, process, or phenomenon with the potential to cause harm
• Plate tectonics

  leading to mountain building,

  volcanism, ocean formation, etc.
• Atmospheric processes

  formation of clouds,

  precipitation, wind, etc.
• Biological accumulation

  reef building, colony

  formation, forestation, etc.
• Human activities

  urbanization, extracting

  resources, geoengineering, etc.
• Disaster

  a serious disruption of the functioning of a

  community or a society involving widespread

  human, material, economic, or environmental

  losses and impacts which exceeds the ability

  of the affected community or society to cope

  using its own resources.
• Ring of Fire

  is a string of volcanoes and sights of seismic

  activity, or earthquakes, around the edges of

  the Pacific Ocean.

  Roughly 90% of all earthquakes occur along

  the Ring of fire, and the ring is dotted with

  75% of all active volcanoes on Earth.
• Disaster Risk Reduction aims to ‘reduce the

  damage’ caused by natural hazards like earthquakes,

  floods, droughts, and cyclones, through an ethic

  prevention.
• Hazard

  A dangerous phenomenon, substances,

  human activity or condition that may cause

  loss of life, injury or other health impacts, property damage, loss of livelihoods and

  services, social and economic disruption, or

  environmental damage.
• Natural Hazard

  naturally occurring physical phenomena

  caused either by rapid or slow onset events.
• Biological Hazard

  process or phenomenon of organic origin or

  conveyed by biological vectors/agents,

  including exposure to pathogenic

  microorganisms, toxins, and bioactive

  substances.
• Geological Hazard

  geological process or phenomenon

  natural process, originates from the solid

  earth-geosphere.
• Hydrometeorological Hazard

  “hydro” means water while “meteoros”

  means sky.

  process or phenomenon of atmospheric,

  hydrological or oceanographic nature.
• Man-made and Technological Hazards

  a hazard originating from technological or

  industrial conditions, including accidents,

  dangerous procedures, infrastructure failures,

  or specific human activities.
• Physical science perspectives

  
  

  Three (3) Factors contribute to disaster

  
  

  • The intensity of the event the damage to

  structures or to the natural environment, or

  the levels of morbidity and mortality

  • The event’s duration and timing
  • It's geographic scale.
• Physical Factors:

  tangible objects or infrastructure

  availability of fire exits

  the sturdiness of the building

  the presence or absence of objects that can

  harm you or help you
• Psychological perspectives

  Six (6) General Categories

  • Specific psychological problems
  • Nonspecific distress
  • Health problems and concerns
  • Chronic problems in living
  • Psychosocial resource loss
  • Problems specific to youth
• Gender, Age, Ethnicity, Socioeconomic

  status, Family factors, Secondary Stressors,

  Pre-disaster functioning, and Psychosocial

  resources were “factors in increasing risk”

  of adverse consequences or to be protected.
• Psychological factors:

  mental capacity

  health perception of self

  ex. self-assessment of capability to respond to

  disasters, fear.
• Socio-cultural perspectives

  
  

  Cultural meanings and world views and the means are enacted and concretized frequently in extreme conditions, particularly those characterized by loss and change, which human being find them confronted with difficult existential questions.
• Socio-cultural Factors:

  
  

  • religion
  • social status
  • traditions
  • perception by societies
• Social marketing (economic) perspectives

  
  

  a key goal in disaster management is the protection of people and the enhancement of their quality of life while remaining prepared

  for the ongoing possibility and aftermath of disasters.
• Social-marketing (Economic) Factors:

  • assets and liabilities
  • Income
  • economic class
• Political perspectives

  Disaster governance arrangements and

  challenges are shaped by forces such as:

  • Globalization
  • World-system dynamics
  • Social inequality
  • Socio-demographic trends
• Political Factors:

  
  

  • government structure
  • diplomatic issues
• Biological perspectives

  
  

  
  

  Whether of natural or human origin, disasters

  often involve casualties suffering from

  extensive trauma, or those injuries caused

  by physical force.
• Biological Factors:

  • flora and fauna in environment
  • health diseases
• Hazards

  • refers to anything that is a source of danger or interruption.
• Hazard is a threat. It has the potential to cause

  harm to:

  • People
  • Human activity
  • Property
  • Environment
• Dormant Hazards

  
  

  the situation presents a potential hazard, but no people, or environment are currently affected.

  Ex. Hillside may be unstable, it is potential for a

  “Landslide”
• Armed Hazards

  
  

  people, property, or environment are in potential harm’s way.

  Ex. Typhoon, tornadoes, volcanic eruptions, grassfire.
• Active Hazards

  
  

  a harmful incident involving the hazard has actually occurred.

  Ex. Accidents, disasters, emergencies, incidents, fire.
• Vulnerability

  
  

  Can be defined as the diminished capacity of an individual or group to anticipate, cope up, resist and recover from the impact of a natural or man-made hazard.
• Capacity

  
  

  refers to “all the strengths”, attributes, and resources available within a community, organization, or society that can be used to achieve an agreed goal
• Capacity development

  
  

  the process through which individuals, organizations, and societies obtain, strengthen, and maintain the capabilities to set and achieve their own development objectives over time.
• Capacity assessment

  
  

  process whereby people identify resources they rely on in times of crisis to reduce the damaging effects of hazards and to secure the sustainability of their livelihood.