Hookworm

• habitat of hookworm?

  Small Intestine
• 4 types of hookworm?

  Necator americanus, Ancylostoma duodenale, Ancylostoma braziliense and ancylostoma caninum
• Its common name is Dog hookworm?

  Ancylostoma caninum
• its common name is New world hookworm, american hookworm?

  Necator americanus
• its common name is old world hookworm?

  Ancylostoma duodenale
• its common name is cat hookworm?

  ancylostoma braziliense
• Human hookworm?

  Necator americanus and Ancylostoma duodenale
• animal hookworm?

  Ancylostoma braziliense and ancylostoma caninum
• disease of ancylostoma braziliense?

  Cutaneous larva migrans, Creeping eruption
• Disease of ancylostoma caninum?

  Cutaneous larva migrans, Creeping eruption
• Disease of Necator americanus?

  Necatoriasis, Uncinariasis, Tropical anemia, “Laziness”
• disease of ancylostoma duodenale?

  Ancylostomiasis, Miner’s anemia
• Its body looks like a letter "C"?

  Ancylostoma duodenale
• Ancylostoma duodenale is equipped with?

  two pairs of ventral teeth almost similar in size
• what is copulatory bursa or bursa copulatrix?

  a fan like organelle
• S-shaped hookworm?

  Necator americanus
• Necator americanus provided with?

  a pair of semi-lunar cutting plates
• Semi linar cutting plates is found in?

  found in the mouth
• smaller species of hookworm?

  Ancylostoma braziliense
• Ancylostoma Braziliense possesses?

  a pair of large teeth and a pair of inconspicuous median teeth in the buccal capsule
• Ancylostoma caninum

  • Common parasite of dogs
  • Wide buccal capsule bearing three pairs of ventral teeth
  • Cephalic or amphidial gland secretes an anticoagulant that delays coagulation of blood
  • Long, moderately slender rays support the male bursa
• L1?

  Rhabditiform Larvae
• L3?

  Filariform larvae
• This Larvae hatches in 24-48 hrs?

  Rhabditiform
• The feeding stage of hookworm?

  Rhabditiform
• non-infective larva?

  Rhabditiform
• Non-feeding stage of hookworm?

  Filariform
• This develops in the soil within 5-8 days?

  Filariform
• Infective stage of hookworm?

  Filariform
• Mode of transmission: Skin penetration

  Infective stage: L3

  Diagnostic stage: Unembryonated egg
• Eggs

  • Ovoidal
  • Thin-shelled
  • Colorless
  • Measures 56 – 60 by 34 – 40 microns
• Egg development

  1. Unsegmented at oviposition

  2. Usually in 2 – 8 cell stages of cell division in fresh feces
• Life Cycle of Animal Hookworms

  1. Adult worms inhabit the intestine of cats and dogs

  2. Eggs passed out in feces into the soil

  3. Eggs transform into rhabditiform larvae

  4. Rhabditiform larvae transform into infective filariform larvae

  5. Filariform larvae penetrate the skin of animal hosts and develop into adults

  6. Filariform larvae can penetrate the skin of man but fail to complete their development
• Ground itch or Dew itch

  Itching sensation or dermatitis caused by percutaneous entry of infective filariform larvae
• Pathology due to the larval stages

  1. Percutaneous entry of infective filariform larvae

  2. Allergic reactions to worms or their products causes pruritus, erythematosus papular rash that may become vesicular

  3. Scratching may lead to secondary bacterial infection
• Itching is often severe, and it is known as "ground itch" or "dew itch", as it is related to contact with soil, especially on a dewy morning
• Necator americanus Common name : New World Hookworm, American Hookworm Disease : Necatoriasis, Uncinariasis, Tropical anemia, “Laziness”
• Ancylostoma duodenale Common name : Old World Hookworm Disease : Ancylostomiasis, Miner’s anemia
• Ancylostoma braziliense Common name : Cat Hookworm Disease : Cutaneous Larva Migrans, Creeping eruption
• Ancylostoma caninum Common name : Dog Hookworm Disease : Cutaneous larva Migrans, Creeping eruption