Working memory model

• phonological loop: temporary store of verbal information, holds and rehearses words that are being considered.
• the phonological loop is encoded acoustically.
• The visuo-spatial sketchpad has two components: an inner scribe which processes visual details and an outer scribe which deals with spatial relations.
• Episodic buffer: allows us to integrate information from different sources into one coherent story.
• long term memory stores large amounts of information over long periods of time.
• the visuospatial sketchpad temporarily holds and manipulates visual and spatial tasks
• the visuospatial sketchpad and the phonological loop both have a limited capacity.
• the episodic buffer provides storage from information received from the central executive and maintain a sense of time.
• the episodic buffer has a limited capacity.
• The working memory model is based on the idea that we can only hold onto a small amount of information at any given moment, but it also suggests that there are separate systems within our short-term memory which allow us to process different types of information simultaneously.
• The working memory model was developed by Baddeley and Hitch (1974).
• Baddeley's theory states that working memory consists of four components; the central executive, the phonological loop, the visuo-spatial sketch pad and the episodic buffer.
• the central executive's role is to receive information from the visuospatial sketchpad, phonological loop, perception and the long term memory then sift, sort and combine information.
• (strength of working memory) Application- Working memory training has shown improvements in reading skills and maths performance.
• (Weakness of working memory model) Individual differences. It does not account for variation between all people.