cpar: film & broadcasting

• Shot – a single ‘run’ of the camera. this is the basic unit from which a film is constructed. the length of each shot determines the pace and rhythm of the scene. the typical shot lasts around 5-8 seconds.
• Long Take – reveals complex scenes, often within them, as they unfold in real time
• Short Take – can last under a second and switches rapidly
• Extreme Long Shot – captures a very wide area to show the scale of subjects about their environment. it is typically used as an establishing shot when changing from one big area or city to another
• Bird’s Eye Shot – shows a massive scale but from a much higher angle to the point where the land starts to show abstract shapes and lines out of roads, buildings, and trees. it is also typically used as an establishing shot for introductions and scene transitions
• Long Shot – significantly closer shot of an area where viewers can have a better look at what’s going on, but still not close enough to be emotionally involved in the scene. subjects are also closer to the camera but far enough to have their whole bodies in view
• Medium Shot – allows viewers to move in a lot closer but in a more informative way than an emotional one. the frame typically features a person from the waist up and is used for general group scenes with dialogues and interviews
• Close Up Shot – features just the entire head up to the chin or neck to allow viewers to feel more engaged and affected by the character’s emotions. by framing less of the background and more of just the face, you are able to create an impact with the character’s facial expressions
• Extreme Close Up Shot – used sparingly and saved for moments when you need to increase the emotional intensity of a scene. you can do this by really zooming in on the character’s face, sometimes just on the eyes, or even the hands
• Dutch Angle Shot – simply need to rotate the camera to either side until verticals (like people and buildings) are tilted and the horizon is no longer parallel with the bottom of the frame. used sparingly in narrative filmmaking, usually to portray uneasiness and disorientation. you can use this to show a character’s unstable emotional or mental state or unsettling feeling in a particular scene
• Over-the-shoulder Shot – shows an out-of-focus shoulder and head in the foreground. meanwhile, there is another person, object, or background in focus. aids in making conversational scenes look as natural to the viewer as possible
• Tilt Shot – the best way to turn this simple technique into an elegant shot is to carefully coordinate the careful upward or downward camera movement with some action within the scene
• Panning Shot – movements should be well-executed to look very natural and almost unnoticeable so as not to distract the viewers from the story. is the horizontal equivalent of the tilt shot
• Tracking Shot – you can create smoother movements and follow your subject as it leaves the frame, or simply add dynamism to an otherwise static camera shot
• Action – American-influenced type of film mainly uses physical conflict as emphasis. Manila Kingpin: The Asiong Salonga Story
• Animation – is a type of film that involves creating illustrations or inanimate images and bringing them to life
• Bomba – a film that primarily depicts nudity and sex, became popular from the 1970s- the 1990s. commonly known as “bold”, “wet look”
• Dokyu – is a motion picture that narrates or discusses news event
• Drama – refers to motion pictures that dwell on personal problems and conflicts
• Fantasy – this film depicts scenes in an imaginary world
• Historical – this type of film shows actual events that occurred in the past
• Horror – bring fear to the audience
• Comedy – this film aims to induce laughter in the audience
• Sci-Fi – complete with heroes, aliens, distant planets, quests, fantastic places, new technology, and extraordinary monsters
• Musical Film – films that are centered on combinations of music, dance, song or choreography
• Crime Film – films feature sinister crime, actions, mobsters etc.
• Sequence – a group of shots depicting one action, or, which seem to belong with or depend upon each other. a typical sequence might be between 3 to 18 shots
• Scene – a group of sequences which depict an event in the story and occur in one place. a scene is generally a larger unit than a sequence